首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Ask most people to list what makes them like someone on first meeting and they’ll tell you personality, intelligence, sense of h
Ask most people to list what makes them like someone on first meeting and they’ll tell you personality, intelligence, sense of h
admin
2011-01-11
74
问题
Ask most people to list what makes them like someone on first meeting and they’ll tell you personality, intelligence, sense of humor. But they’re probably deceiving themselves. The characteristic that impresses people the most, when meeting anyone from a job applicant to a blind date, is appearance. And unfair and unenlightened as it may seem, attractive people are frequently preferred over their less attractive peers.
Research begun in the early 1970s has shown that not only do good looks influence such things as choice of friends, lovers, and mates, but that they can also affect school grades, selection for jobs, and even the outcome of a trial. Psychologist Ellen Berscheid of the University of Minnesota and psychologist Elaine Walster, then at the University of Wisconsin, were among the first researchers to deal with the topic of attractiveness. Their seminal 1974 paper on the subject showed that the more attractive a person, the more desirable characteristics others will attribute to him or her. Attractive people are viewed as being happier, more sensitive, more interesting, warmer, more poised, more sociable, and as having better character than their less attractive counterparts. Psychologist Karen Dion of the University of Toronto has dubbed this stereotypical view as: "What is beautiful is good".
Our current work at old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia, with colleagues and students, focuses on the role that appearance plays in judgments made about people. Our studies have been done in a variety of settings: basic research laboratories, beauty and cosmetics industry labs, plastic and reconstructive surgery practices, psychiatric hospitals, and psychotherapeutic consulting rooms.
One topic that has led to many avenues of research is how attractiveness influences sex-typing—the tendency of people to attribute certain stereotypical qualities to each sex. Besides being perceived as sensitive, kind, interesting, and generally happy, attractive people tend to fit easily into sexual stereotypes, according to a study done by Barry Gillen, a social psychologist in our department.
Gillen speculated that attractive people possess two types of "goodness", one related to and the other unrelated to their sex. To test this hypothesis he showed a group of students photographs of both men and women of high, moderate, and low attractiveness, as determined by the previous rankings of students according to a seven-point scale (contrary to popular belief, researchers usually don’t use the Bo Derek scale of 10). The judges were asked to rate the subjects according to the masculinity, femininity, and social desirability scales of the Bern Sex Role Inventory. Gillen’s study found that attractive women were perceived as being more feminine, and that attractive men were viewed as being more masculine than their less attractive counterparts. This suggests a second stereotype: "What is beautiful is sex-typed."
One implication of Gillen’s work that we wanted to test was whether good looks are a disadvantage for some people, especially women, in work situations that conflict with sexual stereotypes. By the late 1970s, there was already a sizable body of literature documenting the problems women face because of sex-role stereotypes. We speculated that attractive women might be at a real disadvantage when they aspire to occupations in which stereotypically masculine traits—such as being strong, independent, and decisive—are thought to be required for success.
To test that possibility we did a study with Gillen and Steve Burns, a student in our department, in which professional personnel consultants were hired to rate a "job applicant’s" suitability for six positions. We matched the positions for the skill required, the prestige offered, and the degree of supervisory independence allowed. Two jobs were stereotypically masculine (automobile salesperson, and wholesale hardware shipping and receiving clerk), two feminine (telephone operator and office receptionist) and two were sex-neutral (motel desk clerk and photographic darkroom assistant).
Each of the seventy-two personnel consultants who participated received a resume package for an individual that contained the typical kinds of information that a job applicant might submit: academic standing, a list of hobbies and interests, specific skills and recommendations from teachers and counselors. All of the resumes were identical with the exception of the name ("John" vs. "Janet" Williams) and the inclusion of a photograph of the applicant. Photographs showed either an extremely attractive applicant or an unattractive one, previously judged on an attractiveness scale.
What does "typical kinds of information" that a job applicant might submit mean?
选项
A、It means the information most job applicants would usually include in their resume.
B、It refers to the information that a job applicant must submit to the personnel manager for his reference.
C、It stands for all the information required of a job applicant.
D、It means the kinds of information that may influence the personnel manager’s decision.
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/uLgO777K
本试题收录于:
CATTI二级笔译综合能力题库翻译专业资格(CATTI)分类
0
CATTI二级笔译综合能力
翻译专业资格(CATTI)
相关试题推荐
Shynessisthecauseofmuchunhappinessforagreatmanypeople.Shypeopleareanxiousandself-conscious;thatis,theyaree
Thesecurityrationaleisveryimportantforanyscientificortechnologicalendeavorbecausethebudgetofsecurity-relatedpro
NeitherLorillardnortheresearcherswhostudiedtheworkersintheeastpartofthecountryhasbeenawareofanyresearchon
Abouttwo-thirdsoftheworld’spopulationisexpectedtoliveincitiesbytheyear2020and,accordingtotheUnitedNations,
Municipalbansonsmokinginrestaurantsandbarsarehighlycontroversial,buthistoryshowstheycanalsobehighlyeffective.
Judgesshouldfollowwhichmethodtodecidecaseswillproducewhattheybelievetobethebestcommunityforthefuture.
Artificialflowersareusedforscientificaswellasfordecorativepurpose.Theyaremadefromavarietyofmaterials,suchas
Hitsongsarebigbusiness,sothereisanincentiveforcomposerstotrytoteaseoutthoseingredientsthatmightincreasethe
Onthewaytothecompany,becausetheroadwasblockedbyatrafficaccident,themanagerhadtomakea______.
随机试题
患者34岁,女性,半年来月经增多,皮肤瘀斑伴有牙龈出血1周余,不挑食,无光过敏和口腔溃疡,查体:脾侧位肋下刚触及。化验血:血红蛋白80g/L,红细胞4.2×1012/L,白细胞5.4×109/L,血小板32×109/L,尿常规(一)。最有助于诊断
某建设项目大气环境影响评价工作等级为二级,评价范围内有学校、医院、居民区、污水处理厂、商用写字楼。以下预测计算点均符合《环境影响评价技术导则—大气环境》要求的是()。
某公司在聘任一名高级主管时,对这名主管提出了很多无限制的问题。在面试的过程中,这名应聘者与先前应聘者的紧张形成了鲜明的对比,他的自信引起了面试考官的注意,后来在面试中脱颖而出。但是在后期的工作中,该名主管并没有达到公司对他的预期期望。请根据上述资料,回答
A有限责任公司有甲、乙、丙、丁四名股东,甲拟将其股权转让给戊;已知A有限责任公司章程未对股权转让事项作出规定。根据公司法律制度的规定,下列说法中正确的是()。
【资料】初中生刘某由于在课堂上讲话,被班干部罚当众深蹲90下。刘某回到家后,感觉双腿酸疼,头昏眼花,更严重的是刘某感到当众受到侮辱,说什么也不愿去上学了。次日,刘某的家长找到学校,班主任态度很好,表示事发时他正外出开会,不知道发生了这种事,教师从来也没给过
下列匹配不正确的是()。(华东师范大学)
[*]
Themostobviouspurposeofadvertisingistoinformtheconsumerofavailableproductsorservices.Thesecond【C1】______istos
Thewarwasthemostpeacefulperiodofmylife.Thewindowofmybedroomfacedsouth-east.Ialwayswokeupwiththefirstligh
在中国,人们将那些有国外学习或工作经历的归国人员称为海归(returnee)。他们在国外就业机会少,很难融入外国主流(mainstream)文化。在全球经济衰退(recession)的背景下,中国经济仍保持强劲的增长势头。越来越多的海归认识到中国市场的潜力
最新回复
(
0
)