首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Ask most people to list what makes them like someone on first meeting and they’ll tell you personality, intelligence, sense of h
Ask most people to list what makes them like someone on first meeting and they’ll tell you personality, intelligence, sense of h
admin
2011-01-11
67
问题
Ask most people to list what makes them like someone on first meeting and they’ll tell you personality, intelligence, sense of humor. But they’re probably deceiving themselves. The characteristic that impresses people the most, when meeting anyone from a job applicant to a blind date, is appearance. And unfair and unenlightened as it may seem, attractive people are frequently preferred over their less attractive peers.
Research begun in the early 1970s has shown that not only do good looks influence such things as choice of friends, lovers, and mates, but that they can also affect school grades, selection for jobs, and even the outcome of a trial. Psychologist Ellen Berscheid of the University of Minnesota and psychologist Elaine Walster, then at the University of Wisconsin, were among the first researchers to deal with the topic of attractiveness. Their seminal 1974 paper on the subject showed that the more attractive a person, the more desirable characteristics others will attribute to him or her. Attractive people are viewed as being happier, more sensitive, more interesting, warmer, more poised, more sociable, and as having better character than their less attractive counterparts. Psychologist Karen Dion of the University of Toronto has dubbed this stereotypical view as: "What is beautiful is good".
Our current work at old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia, with colleagues and students, focuses on the role that appearance plays in judgments made about people. Our studies have been done in a variety of settings: basic research laboratories, beauty and cosmetics industry labs, plastic and reconstructive surgery practices, psychiatric hospitals, and psychotherapeutic consulting rooms.
One topic that has led to many avenues of research is how attractiveness influences sex-typing—the tendency of people to attribute certain stereotypical qualities to each sex. Besides being perceived as sensitive, kind, interesting, and generally happy, attractive people tend to fit easily into sexual stereotypes, according to a study done by Barry Gillen, a social psychologist in our department.
Gillen speculated that attractive people possess two types of "goodness", one related to and the other unrelated to their sex. To test this hypothesis he showed a group of students photographs of both men and women of high, moderate, and low attractiveness, as determined by the previous rankings of students according to a seven-point scale (contrary to popular belief, researchers usually don’t use the Bo Derek scale of 10). The judges were asked to rate the subjects according to the masculinity, femininity, and social desirability scales of the Bern Sex Role Inventory. Gillen’s study found that attractive women were perceived as being more feminine, and that attractive men were viewed as being more masculine than their less attractive counterparts. This suggests a second stereotype: "What is beautiful is sex-typed."
One implication of Gillen’s work that we wanted to test was whether good looks are a disadvantage for some people, especially women, in work situations that conflict with sexual stereotypes. By the late 1970s, there was already a sizable body of literature documenting the problems women face because of sex-role stereotypes. We speculated that attractive women might be at a real disadvantage when they aspire to occupations in which stereotypically masculine traits—such as being strong, independent, and decisive—are thought to be required for success.
To test that possibility we did a study with Gillen and Steve Burns, a student in our department, in which professional personnel consultants were hired to rate a "job applicant’s" suitability for six positions. We matched the positions for the skill required, the prestige offered, and the degree of supervisory independence allowed. Two jobs were stereotypically masculine (automobile salesperson, and wholesale hardware shipping and receiving clerk), two feminine (telephone operator and office receptionist) and two were sex-neutral (motel desk clerk and photographic darkroom assistant).
Each of the seventy-two personnel consultants who participated received a resume package for an individual that contained the typical kinds of information that a job applicant might submit: academic standing, a list of hobbies and interests, specific skills and recommendations from teachers and counselors. All of the resumes were identical with the exception of the name ("John" vs. "Janet" Williams) and the inclusion of a photograph of the applicant. Photographs showed either an extremely attractive applicant or an unattractive one, previously judged on an attractiveness scale.
What does "typical kinds of information" that a job applicant might submit mean?
选项
A、It means the information most job applicants would usually include in their resume.
B、It refers to the information that a job applicant must submit to the personnel manager for his reference.
C、It stands for all the information required of a job applicant.
D、It means the kinds of information that may influence the personnel manager’s decision.
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/uLgO777K
本试题收录于:
CATTI二级笔译综合能力题库翻译专业资格(CATTI)分类
0
CATTI二级笔译综合能力
翻译专业资格(CATTI)
相关试题推荐
Althoughmillionsofpeopleworldwidewouldseeatripintospaceasthefulfillmentoftheirlifetime’sdreamsandwouldtheref
Shynessisthecauseofmuchunhappinessforagreatmanypeople.Shypeopleareanxiousandself-conscious;thatis,theyaree
Shynessisthecauseofmuchunhappinessforagreatmanypeople.Shypeopleareanxiousandself-conscious;thatis,theyaree
Clonescienceshouldbedevelopedtobenefithumanbeings______harmthem.
Becauseearlymanviewedillnessasdivinepunishmentandhealingaspurification,medicineandreligionwereinextricablylinke
Abouttwo-thirdsoftheworld’spopulationisexpectedtoliveincitiesbytheyear2020and,accordingtotheUnitedNations,
Allstudentsinthedepartmentmadezealouseffortstohelpmakethesportsmeetasuccess.
Artificialflowersareusedforscientificaswellasfordecorativepurpose.Theyaremadefromavarietyofmaterials,suchas
Hitsongsarebigbusiness,sothereisanincentiveforcomposerstotrytoteaseoutthoseingredientsthatmightincreasethe
A、132millionUSdollars.B、114millionUSdollars.C、163millionUSdollars.D、141millionUSdollars.C
随机试题
内存与外存相比,内存具有_______的特点。
男性,50岁,间歇性跛行6年,下蹲时疼痛减轻,骑自行车正常,直腿抬高试验阳性。X线片示:腰椎骨质增生明显,最可能的诊断是
江某于2012年12月购买了一套普通住房,2015年3月将该住房以120万元的价格转让给张某。此后,该小区被依法征收,由甲房地产企业(以下简称甲企业)进行住宅开发。张某选择的补偿方式为房屋产权调换。关于江某将住房转让给张某的说法,正确的为(
下列关于废水处理系统说法正确的有()。
构筑物混凝土及钢筋混凝土模板工程的工程量计算不正确的有()。
失业是指劳动力供给与劳动力需求在()上的失衡所形成的。
音乐符号“P”和mf”分别指的是()。
(31)的源语言是某种高级语言,其目标语言是同一种语言的标准形式。
某数字型字段,其“字段大小”选定“单精度型”,“格式”选定“固定”,“小数位数”保持“自动”。如果往该字段中输入1234.5678,在焦点离开该单元格后将显示为______。
Whollyasidefromaestheticandmoralconsiderations,fashionisaneconomicabsurdity,andthereislittletobesaidinitsfa
最新回复
(
0
)