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  3. In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence (Al) predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conver

In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence (Al) predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conver

admin2009-01-05  36
问题      In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence (Al) predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, they’re nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for human like behavior. Never mind something as complex as conversation: the most powerful computers struggle to reliably recognize the shape of an object, the most elementary of tasks for a ten-month-old kid.
     A growing group of Al researchers think they know where the field went wrong. The problem, the scientists say, is that AI has been trying to separate the highest, most abstract levels -of thought, like language and mathematics, and to duplicate them with logical, step-by-step programs. A new movement in AI, on the other hand, takes a closer look at the more roundabout way in which nature came up with intelligence. Many of these researchers study evolution and natural adaptation instead of formal logic and conventional computer programs, Rather than digital computers and transistors, some want to work with brain cells and proteins. The results of these early efforts are as promising as they are peculiar, and the new nature-based: AI movement is slowly but surely moving to the forefront of the field.
     Imitating the brain’s neural (神经的)network is a huge step in the right direction, says computer scientist and biophysicist Michael Conrad, but it still misses an important aspect of natural intelligence. "People tend to treat the brain as if it were made up of color-coded transistors", he explains, "but it’s not simply a clever network of switches. There are lots of important things going on inside the brain cells themselves." Specifically, Conrad believes that many of the brain’s capabilities stem from the pattern recognition proficiency of the individual molecules that makeup each brain cell. The best way to build an artificially intelligent device, he claims, would be to build it around the same sort of molecular skills.
     Right now, the option that conventional computers and software are fundamentally incapable of matching the processes that take place in the brain remains controversial. But if it proves true, then the efforts of Conrad and his fellow A1 rebels could turn out to be the only game in town.
What’s the author’s opinion about the new AI movement?
选项 A、It has created a sensation among artificial intelligence researchers but will soon die out.
B、It’s a breakthrough in duplicating human thought processes.
C、It’s more like a peculiar game rather than a real scientific effort.
D、It may prove to be in the right direction though nobody is sure of its future prospects.
答案B
解析 作者观点态度题。如前所述，文章最后一段为作者对人工智能研究新方法的总结．其中隐含着作者的观点．另外短文第二段最后一句中“promising”、“surely”、第三段第一句中“a huge step in the right direction...”等都流露了作者的态度——作者对新的人工智能研究运动是非常肯定的。选项A中的“will soon die out”，C中的“like a game rather than”及D中“nobody is sure”等均含否定意念，不能作为答案。
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