2. 外语
  3. Many scholars have argued that government investment in manufacturing in the southern United States during the Second World War

Many scholars have argued that government investment in manufacturing in the southern United States during the Second World War

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问题     Many scholars have argued that government investment in manufacturing in the southern United States during the Second World War spurred a regional economic boom that lasted into the postwar period. But much of this investment went to specialized plants, many of them unsuitable for postwar production. Large-scale, wartime government funding led to a massive increase in the number and scale of munitions facilities. By the war’s end, 216 munitions establishment costing more than $3.5 billion had been built, many of them located in the south. Indeed, according to one estimate, more than 70 percent of federally financed manufacturing construction capital in Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Tennessee went into munitions plants.
    Even in the northern regions with strong prewar manufacturing economics, these plants were difficult to deal with once the imperative of war had been removed. In the south few industrialists had the capacity or desire to transform these factories to a peacetime function. Accordingly, at war’s end almost all of the southern munitions facilities were shut down, placed on standby, operated at a very low capacity, or converted to nonmanufacturing functions, usually storage. Although some reopened a few years later for use during the Korean War, the impact of the special plants on the South’s postwar economy was marginal at best.
The primary purpose of the passage is to
选项 A、propose an alternative explanation
B、challenge a widely held position
C、contrast two views of a phenomenon
D、explain why a particular claim has been influential
E、evaluate evidence used to support a particular view.
答案B
解析 本文是驳论文，全篇文章都是在反驳第一段第一句的老观点，因此选项B正确。A widely held position对应第一句中的Many scholars。A项注意，本文是驳论文，没有提供替代性解释。同时，explanation强调的是事件发生的原因。但是本文的重点在于政府投资所带来的结果。C项本文只有老观点这一个观点，不存在对比两个观点。D项a particular claim指的是第一段第一句的老观点，但是这个观点被反驳了，因此不可能has been influential。E项文章没有对证据进行评价。
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