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  3. Starting with his review of Skinner’s Verbal Behavior, Noam Chomsky had led the psycholinguists who argue that man has developed

Starting with his review of Skinner’s Verbal Behavior, Noam Chomsky had led the psycholinguists who argue that man has developed

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问题     Starting with his review of Skinner’s Verbal Behavior, Noam Chomsky had led the psycholinguists who argue that man has developed an innate(天生的) capacity for dealing with the linguistic universals common to all languages. Experience and learning then provide only information about the (1)_____ instances of those universal aspects of language which are needed to communicate with other people within a particular language (2)_____.
    This linguistic approach (3)_____ the view that language is built upon learned associations between words. What is learned is not strings of words per se(本身), but (4)_____ rules that enable a speaker to (5)_____ an infinite variety of novel sentences. (6)_____ single words are learned as concepts: they do not stand in a one-to-one (7)_____ with the particular thing signified, but (8)_____ all members of a general class.
    This view of the innate aspect of language learning is at first not readily (9)_____ into existing psychological frameworks and (10)_____ a challenge that has stimulated much thought and new research directions. Chomsky argues that a precondition for language development is the existence of certain principles "intrinsic(原有的) to the mind" that provide invariant structures (11)_____ perceiving, learning and thinking. Language (12)_____ all of these processes; thus its study (13)_____ our theories of knowledge in general.
    Basic to this model of language is the notion that a child’s learning of language is a kind of theory (14)_____. It’s thought to be accomplished (15)_____ explicit instruction, (16)_____ of intelligence level, at an early age when he is not capable of other complex (17)_____ or motor achievements, and with relatively little reliable data to go on. (18)_____, the child constructs a theory of an ideal language which has broad (19)_____ power. Chomsky argues that all children could not develop the same basic theory (20)_____ it not for the innate existence of properties of mental organization which limit the possible properties of languages.

选项 A、underlining
B、highlighting
C、marking
D、underlying
答案D
解析 动词辨析及上下文理解题。句意为：那些恒定的结构是理解、学习和思考的基础，underlie意为"成为…的基础、位于…之下"，其他选项不合文意。underlining"在…下画线、强调"；highlighting"强调、使突出"；marking"标明、作记号"。
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考研英语一

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