2. 外语
  3. The bird, however hard the frost may be, flies briskly to his customary roosting-place, and, with beak tucked into his wing, fal

The bird, however hard the frost may be, flies briskly to his customary roosting-place, and, with beak tucked into his wing, fal

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问题     The bird, however hard the frost may be, flies briskly to his customary roosting-place, and, with beak tucked into his wing, falls asleep. He has no apprehensions; only the hot blood grows colder and colder, the pulse feebler as he sleeps, and at midnight, or in the early morning, he drops from his perch—dead.
    Yesterday he lived and moved, responsive to a thousand external influences, reflecting earth and sky in his small brilliant brain as in a looking-glass; also he had a various language, the inherited knowledge of his race, and the faculty of flight, by means of which he could shoot, meteor-like, across the sky, and pass swiftly from place to place; and with it he was able to drop himself plumb down from the tallest tree-lop, or out of the void air, on to a slender spray, and scarcely cause its leaves to tremble.
    Now, on this morning, he lies stiff and motionless; so easy and swift is the passage from life to death in wild nature! But he was never miserable.
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答案 不论霜天多么寒冷，鸟儿总是轻快地飞回它习惯的巢穴，把嘴往翅膀里一藏，就睡了。它无忧无虑；只是在它睡觉时，身上的热血变得越来越冷，脉搏变得越来越弱，于是，半夜或拂晓时分，它从栖息的树枝上掉下来，死了。 昨天它还活着，动着，感知着外界的千百种影响，它那敏捷的小脑袋如明亮的镜子映照着天空和大地上的一团，而且它能讲多姿多彩的语言，有从它所属的鸟类继承下来的知识，有飞行的天赋，能像流星一样划空而过，从一个地方迅速飞到另一个地方；藉此天赋，它可以从高高的树梢上或从天空中垂直而下，落在纤细的花枝上，花枝上的叶子却几乎一点电不颤动。 现在，就在这个早晨，它却僵硬地躺着，一动不动；在自然界里，从生到死的过程就是这样地简单，这样地迅速!可是它从未痛苦过。
解析     这是一篇描写小鸟的文章，选自W．H．哈得森(1841—1922)所著的Birds in Town and Village。这篇文章里有很多由单音节的小词构成的句子，形象地描写了小鸟动作的灵活轻松，所以翻译时应该使译文反映出原文灵活、轻松和快节奏的特点。
1．第一句翻译时注意把状语从句“不论霜天多么寒冷”(however hard the frost may be)放在句首翻译，这样更符合汉语表达习惯。
2．第二句中注意两处比较级的翻译：the hot blood grows colder and colder, the pulse feebler as he sleeps，应该翻译成“身上的热血变得越来越冷，脉搏变得越来越弱”。
3．第二段的意思要仔细分析，不能按照字面意思直接翻译，应有一些词性的变换如responsive，此处应把它翻译成动词“感知”这样更符合汉语表达习惯；另外应注意faculty of flight中faculty应译为“天赋”。同时考生应充分理解with it中it的指代对象是前面提到过的“天赋”，而非其他；而且slender spray此处应理解为“纤细的花枝”。
4．第三段中的stiff and motionless可拆开翻译为“僵硬地躺着，一动不动”，更符合汉语表达习惯。
5．第三段注意the passage from life to death的翻译，考生对passage在此处的具体意思应有很好的把握，翻译成“过程”。
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