首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Present pension structures no longer work. They were established in a more youthful period with relatively few older people who
Present pension structures no longer work. They were established in a more youthful period with relatively few older people who
admin
2013-01-20
64
问题
Present pension structures no longer work. They were established in a more youthful period with relatively few older people who were often poor and iii, and generally spent only a short time in retirement. In rich countries today, older people are often well-off and in good health, and are spending around 20 years in retirement. Therefore there is the need for reform.
This survey has presented the arguments for more private funding and for fairer pensions. Such changes will create motives for individuals to take charge of their own retirement needs rather than leaving the task to the state. This, in turn, will make the provision of public pensions more afford- able.
Even so, the state will continue to play a leading role in pensions. At a minimum, governments must offer a safety net, probably in the form of a defined benefit financed through taxation, for people who for some reason have not been able to provide for themselves and who would otherwise be miserable in old age. More broadly, there is a case for the state to offer a slimmed-down pay-as-you-go pension system, although as far as possible this should be organized along defined-contributions lines. Such provision widens the range of assets to include human capital because the effective return comes from total wages, and offers a safe if low return.
Governments also have to create a suitable framework for effective private pensions. Administrative(行政的)expenses have to be tightly controlled, and appropriate tax motives have
to be offered to encourage voluntary pension saving. Where the state provides a generous safety net, private-pension saving may have to be made mandatory(强制的) , otherwise many people will not bother.
So much for the developed countries, but what of the more youthful populations of tile rest of the world? In 1994, the World Bank came down heavily in favor of more funding in private accounts. It thought the state’s role should be to provide a smallish first pillar with the limited task of providing protection against old-age poverty, and to command a privately-funded second pillar to provide the bulk of pensions.
It can be inferred from the passage the author is probably______.
选项
A、an official engaged in reformation of pension structures
B、a sociologist devoting himself to the research of social pension structures
C、an economist mastering pension structures in developed countries
D、a politician interested in older people
答案
B
解析
推理判断题。文章主要讲述的是养老金体制的问题,这属于社会学范畴,由此不难推断出,作者应为社会学家。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/vUu7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
Theterm"qualityoflife"isdifficulttodefine.It【C1】______averywidescopesuchaslivingenvironment,health,employment,
Theterm"qualityoflife"isdifficulttodefine.It【C1】______averywidescopesuchaslivingenvironment,health,employment,
A、Sharon.B、Susan.C、Sherry.D、Sandy.A对话中男士对女士的名字进行了四次猜测:Sherry,Sandy,susan和Sharon,接着女士对男士的最后一次猜测(Sharon)进行了肯定(Yougotit…onth
TheLaborDepartmentsaidThursdaythatweeklyapplicationsforunemploymentpensiondropped5,000toaseasonallyadjusted348
Internetdatashowsthatyoungeradultshavebecometheprimaryaudienceobsessed(着迷)withalteringtheirpersonalappearance.
Mostworthwhilecareersrequiresomekindofspecializedtraining.Ideally,therefore,thechoiceofan【C1】______shouldbemade
Tosomeit’sadreamjob—eatingdeliciousmealsforfreeandthenwritingaboutthem.Butforsomefoodcritics,theireyesar
Infuturetradethekeydevelopmenttowatchistherelationshipbetweentheindustrializedandthedevelopingnations.TheThir
A、Themanhasmadealotoffriendsthroughthenetwork.B、Thewomanenjoystalkingtostrangersonanetwork.C、Themanthinks
Doctorswarnedagainstchewingtobacco______(作为吸烟的替代品).
随机试题
同步电动机定子的磁极数比转子的磁极数()。
A.0.lmB.0.4mC.0.5mD.1.0mE.1.7m埋设集中式供水的管道,饮用水管道与污水管道平行铺设时的最小水平净距离为
在PCR反应中,DNA的碱基错配率相对较高的原因是
对于重铬酸钾固定剂,对其描述下面错误的是
下列不属于酰胺类局部麻醉药的是
生长激素分泌不足可导致肢端肥大症。()
工程监理单位在实施监理过程中,发现存在安全事故隐患,情况严重的,应当要求施工单位()
随着我国市场经济的发展,我国各种资本市场的日趋完善,北京就在20世纪90年代形成了以中关村为核心全国高技术工业中心区,成为中国的“第一硅谷”,而在二十一世纪初,随着中国金融、保险、证券、房地产的长足发展,在东直门同贸中心区形成了CBD中心区金融、商业区,再
TheNewDealwasadvancedbyPresident
A--greatvarietyofmodelsB--attractiveanddurableC--atmoderatecost/priceD--choicematerialE--completerangeofarticles
最新回复
(
0
)