首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
When the press release arrived in our inboxes, we knew what would happen next. A Nobel laureate had stated that antioxidant supp
When the press release arrived in our inboxes, we knew what would happen next. A Nobel laureate had stated that antioxidant supp
admin
2016-09-24
35
问题
When the press release arrived in our inboxes, we knew what would happen next. A Nobel laureate had stated that antioxidant supplements "may have caused more cancers than they have prevented. "
Even the most fad-friendly sections of the UK media were bound to cover the story.
In reality, Professor James Watson was only restating what we at Cancer Research UK have been pointing out for years. Large studies have repeatedly shown that, with the possible exception of vitamin D, antioxidant supplements have negligible positive effect on healthy people, at least in terms of important things such as preventing people getting cancer or dying prematurely. And some supplements—notably vitamins A, E and beta-carotene—even seem to slightly raise the risk of disease and early death.
It’s a topic we at Cancer Research UK come back to again and again on our science blog and on our social media pages. But huge swatches of the public remain convinced that "antioxidant" is a byword for "healthy. "
What’s so interesting about the antioxidant myth is its wider cultural and social dimension. Why is this perception so hard to shift? And is there anything we can do about it?
One possible reason for our firm attitudes is the widespread use of the word "antioxidants" in adverts proclaiming the health benefits of various foods and drinks. This isn’t for want of regulation, and the Advertising Standards Authority have repeatedly upheld complaints about adverts that make unsupported claims about antioxidants’benefits.
But the much weaker claim that a product merely " contains high levels of antioxidants" leaves health claims implicit, and keeps regulators at bay. A brand of "super-broccoli"—launched with much a public spectacle in late 2011—was bred to contain high levels of a chemical that ultimately, according to the product’s website, "boosts our body’s Antioxidant Enzyme levels. " So good it’s capitalized.
So the relentless drip-drip of health product advertising—particularly against a background of continual reports of Britain’s ill-health—makes our trenchant hold on the antioxidants myth all the more understandable. We need this stuff, we’re told.
But there’s probably a deeper reason for our collective refusal to swallow the bitter pill of scientific evidence. The actual, proven things that can reduce our risks of cancer, heart disease, diabetes—and all the other chronic nasties that come with an ageing population— are somewhat more uninteresting. Don’t smoke. Stay in shape. Eat a balanced diet. Limit alcohol intake. Keep active. This is hard work.
And as the resolution-filled new year kicks in, the exciting prospect of a healthier life is replaced by the realization that being healthy is a long-term project. Popping a pill instead of going to the gym is a tempting prospect for many of us. Confirmatory bias is a powerful thing.
But the UK population is ageing, and likely to place a greater burden on the NHS in future. We owe it to ourselves, and those will be paying for our care, to make sure we’re as healthy as possible for as long as possible. Putting our faith in a word, and a pill— however comforting it may sound—to do this for us is a mirage and a fallacy. Antioxidants do not prolong our lives nor prevent cancer, despite what we want to believe.
It can be concluded that people’s collective belief in antioxidants is NOT based on______.
选项
A、deeply-rooted cultural perception
B、the continual reports of Britain’s ill health
C、the existing proven knowledge
D、confirmatory biases
答案
C
解析
可以得出这样的结论:人们对抗氧化剂的信念不是基于目前已被证实的知识。从第九段可以看出,人们普遍拒绝服下科学依据这颗苦药,一些已被证实的科学依据有点枯燥无味,尽管这些依据能够降低癌症、心脏病、糖尿病以及与老龄人口相伴而生的其他慢性病的风险。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/vWGO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Bigcitiestodayareconfrontedwithveryseriousproblems.Transportisa【C1】______difficulty:someplannersbelievein【C2】____
Whenmostpeoplethinkaboutchangingtheirbodyshape,theyusuallyfocusonjustlosingweight.Booksandmagazinesaboutdiet
Everyyearthousandsofpeoplearearrestedandtakentocourtforshop-lifting.InBritainalone,aboutHK$3,000,000worthof
人们必须通过对现象的分析和研究,才能了解到事实的本质,因此需要科学。
Alineinasongasks,"doesanyonereallyknowwhattimeitis?"Thisquestioncouldeasilyapplytocalendars!Didyouknowth
Thefirehascausedgreatlosses,butthefactorytriedto______theconsequencesbysayingthatthedamagewasnotasseriousas
Thefull______ofchangesincomputertechnologywillbefeltwithinthenextfewyears.
Playingviolentvideogamescanhaveimmediateandlastingeffectsonaperson’sthoughtsandbehavior,newresearchshows.Inf
ThereislittlereasontobelievethattheUnitedStateswill_____fromitsstatedgoalofregimechangeinIraq.
Werealizedthathewasundergreat_____,sowetooknonoticeofhisbadtemper.
随机试题
小芹是初中二年级的女生,智力正常,人际关系良好,上课和平时作业都比较认真,学习总体成绩在班级处于中等水平,但是自信心有些不足。这次期中考试,她的其他课程考试发挥正常,只有数学没有考及格。她认为数学没有考好是因为她比别人笨,即使她再努力,数学也是学不好。
男孩,3岁,自幼人工喂养,食欲极差,有时腹泻,身高85cm,体重7500g,皮肤干燥、苍白,腹部皮下脂肪厚度约0.3cm,脉搏缓慢,心音较低钝。其主要诊断应是
分子中含苯并咪唑结构,通过拮抗外周多巴胺D2受体而发挥止吐作用的药物是()。
企业在安全生产中,各管理机构之间、各种管理制度和方法之间,必须具有紧密的联系,形成相互制约的回路,才能有效。这体现了()原则的应用。
板厚度一般为板跨度的(),且不小于()mm。
多元化投资组合的作用有()。Ⅰ.借助于资金庞大的优势使每个投资者面临的投资风险变小Ⅱ.借助于投资者众多的优势使每个投资者面临的投资风险变小Ⅲ.利用不同投资对象之间收益率变化的相关性,达到分散投资风险的目的Ⅳ.
下列各项股利政策中,股利水平与当期盈利直接关联的有()。
U会计师事务所在执业过程中,需要根据中国注册会计师职业道德概念框架处理与职业道德相关的事项,规范本所的执业行为。以下是U会计师事务所正在考虑的相关问题,请代为做出正确的专业判断。按职业道德基本原则的规定,会计师事务所的某些行为必须得到法律法规的许可,除
马克思把商品转换成货币称为“商品的惊险的跳跃”,“这个跳跃如果不成功,摔坏的不是商品,但一定是商品占有者”。这是因为只有商品变为货币()。
汇率变动对经济增长方式的棘轮效应
最新回复
(
0
)