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  3. The medical wrongdoing debate often pits physicians—who say the threat of lawsuits pushes them to order expensive, unnecessary t

The medical wrongdoing debate often pits physicians—who say the threat of lawsuits pushes them to order expensive, unnecessary t

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问题     The medical wrongdoing debate often pits physicians—who say the threat of lawsuits pushes them to order expensive, unnecessary tests—against lawyers who believe that lawsuits are needed to hold doctors accountable.
    Obviously, no one wants medical mistakes. And no one, perhaps with the exception of lawyers, wants lawsuits, which put the victims, their families and the doctors involved through painful affairs.
    How can physicians avoid the courtroom? If an error was made, many insurers advise physicians not to talk to patients. That’s wrong. Physicians should disclose their mistake, apologize and, when appropriate and through mutual agreement, compensate injured patients.
    For more than a decade, the University of Michigan Health System has used such a program, and its incidence of has since dropped 36% . This approach should be spread nationwide. Actually, in 2005, Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama co-sponsored the National MEDiC Act, which among other things would have implemented apology laws throughout the U. S.
    Doctors also must create and maintain open lines of communication with patients, which is critical to preventing lawsuits in the first place. Doctors have to better explain, and patients better understand, that not all adverse outcomes are due to physician errors.
    Consider the seemingly simple task of dispensing (配药) a drug at a hospital. It’s actually a complex process that requires five interdependent steps: ordering, transcribing, dispensing, delivering and administering. A poorly designed system can lead to an error in any of those steps, with a potentially deadly outcome. Bad outcomes can also occur despite proper patient care.
    Finally, fewer lawsuits might lead to better medical treatment. A 2011 study from the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that doctors who had been sued were more prone to burnout, depression and suicide, and, in turn, often make significantly more mistakes.
    There’s no cure-all for eliminating mistakes, but a starting point is clearly communication. Better doctor-patient exchanges improve medicine, and when patients and their families are kept in the loop, they also are less likely to pursue a lawsuit. And, then, if errors are made, doctors should apologize and work with the patient and, when necessary, their lawyer, to find a compromise.
According to the author, ______.
选项 A、most lawsuits may reduce significant medical mistakes
B、lawsuits help enhance doctors’ sense of responsibility
C、good doctor-patient relationship leads to less lawsuits
D、lawsuits should be replaced by apology and compensation
答案C
解析 推理判断题。根据原文可知，医生和病人之间良好的交流能促进医治，如果病人及其家属能够处于这种良好状况中的话，他们也不太可能去诉诸法律，故C)“良好的医患关系会使诉讼减少”正确。A)“大部分诉讼能有效减少医疗事故”、B)“诉讼能帮助增强医生的责任感”和D)“诉讼应该被道歉和赔偿来替代”都不符合原文意思，故排除。
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