首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Some of the old worries about artificial intelligence were closely linked to the question of whether computers could think. The
Some of the old worries about artificial intelligence were closely linked to the question of whether computers could think. The
admin
2010-07-14
106
问题
Some of the old worries about artificial intelligence were closely linked to the question of whether computers could think. The first massive electronic computers, capable of rapid computation and little or no creative activity, were soon dubbed "electronic brains.’ A reaction to this terminology quickly followed. To put them in their place, computers were called "high speed idiots", an effort to protect human vanity. But not everyone realized the implications of the high-speed idiot tag. It has not been pointed out often enough that even the human idiot is one of the most intelligent life forms on earth. If the early computers were even that intelligent, it was already a remarkable state of affairs.
One consequence of speculation about the possibility of computer thought was that we were forced to examine with new care the idea of thought in general. It soon became clear that we were not sure what we meant by such terms as thought and thinking. We tend to assume that human beings think, some more than others, though we often call people thoughtless or unthinking. Dreams cause a problem, partly because they usually happen outside our control. They are obviously some type of mental experience, but are they a type of thinking? And the question of nonhuman life forms adds further problems. Many of us would maintain that some of the higher animals—dogs, cats, apes, and so on—are capable of at least basic thought, but what about fish and insects? It is certainly true that the higher mammals show complex brain activity when tested with the appropriate equipment. If thinking is demonstrated by evident electrical activity in the brain, then many species are capable of thought. Once we have formulated clear ideas on what thought is in biological creatures, it will be easier to discuss the question of thought in artifacts. And what is true of thought is also true of the many other mental processes. One of the immense benefits of a research is that we are being forced to scrutinize, with new rigor, the working of the human mind.
It is already clear that machines have superior mental abilities to many life forms. No fern or oak tree can play chess as well as even the simplest dig ital computer; nor can frogs weld car bodies as well as robots. It seems that, viewed in terms of intellect, the computer should be set well above plants and most animals. Only the higher animals can compete with computers with regard to intellect and even then with diminishing success.
The second paragraph attempts to tell us that ______.
选项
A、mental abilities are characteristic of humans only
B、we are still not certain about the difference between thought and thinking
C、all animal species are in fact capable of thought
D、we need to research further to get an appropriate definition of the term "thought"
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/vn7K777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
"WelcometotheU.S.A.!Majorcreditcardsareaccepted!"Bythemillionstheyarecomingnolongerthetired,thepoor,
Povertyexistsbecauseoursocietyisanunequalone,andtherearcpowerfulpoliticalpressurestokeepitthatway.Anyattemp
Povertyexistsbecauseoursocietyisanunequalone,andtherearcpowerfulpoliticalpressurestokeepitthatway.Anyattemp
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivateenterprise,marketorientedeconomyinwhichconsumerslarg
Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Fo
A、Shefeelsnervousaboutthetest.B、Sheworriesabouthercompetence.C、Shethinkssheiswellprepared.D、Shedoesn’tliketh
Pleaseacceptthisgift__________(作为我们感谢你的帮助的一点心意).
MildweatherhasbroughtJapan’smuch-lovedcherrytreesinto【B1】______twoweeksearlythisyear,butnoteveryoneis【B2】__
A、TostudyhowstudentsrememberEnglishvocabularybyshort-termmemory.B、TostudyhowstudentslearnEnglishvocabulary.C、To
Itiscustomaryforadultstoforgethowbadanddullandlongschoolis.Thelearningbymemoryofallthebasicthingsonemus
随机试题
Researchershavedoneextensivestudiesofhowwellchildrencomplywiththeirteachers’instructions.
消毒
行为主义治疗常用的方法有
替代原则要求房地产估价结果不得偏离类似房地产在同等条件下的正常价格。()
单项工程综合概算是以其所包含的()为基础汇总而成的。
从1999年11月1日起,对个人在中国境内储蓄机构取得的人民币、外币储蓄存款利息,按20%税率征收个人所得税。某居民2003年4月1日在我国境内某储蓄机构取得1998年4月1日存入的5年期储蓄存款利息5000元,如果该居民被征收了1000元的个人所得税。这
《论语》中“天命”所指的年龄是()。
达鲁花赤
斯腾伯格的“短时记忆的信息提取”实验采用的反应时法是
Today,mostcountriesintheworldhavecanals.Manycountrieshavebuiltcanalsnearthecoast,andparallel【67】thecoast.Even
最新回复
(
0
)