A、Improve systems for reporting crimes. B、Learn more about preventing sexual violence. C、Prevent students from drinking alcohol.

The first year of college is usually a time to learn and have fun. Many young people enjoy the freedom of living away from home for the first time. For young women in the United States, however, it is a time when they are at high risk of experiencing a sex crime. The US Justice Department reports that American women aged 18 to 24 had the highest rate of sexual assault. The study also found that university students were less likely to report such crimes than non-students. Among college women, nine out of ten knew the person who sexually assaulted them. In Canada, three universities recently ran a program to train female students to avoid sexual assault while in college. The program involved women in their first year at the schools. The students spent 12 hours learning how to judge risks, deal with emotions, and use self-defense. The program taught students to be especially on guard at parties and other high-risk campus social events. The training taught students to attend such events together. If separated, they should check on each other periodically. They should also take care in their use of alcohol. At least half of the sexual assaults among college women involve drinking. About 450 students received the training. In the US, Harvard, Rutgers and several other universities have also developed bystander training. This means students offer help if they see someone in danger of being assaulted. The training helps students, both men and women, decide when it is safe to personally intervene and when to call the police. Last year, President Barack Obama ordered the establishment of a task force on sexual violence at universities. The investigative group’s report advised universities to take several measures. They include methods for researching the sex crime climate of the university and improving systems for reporting crimes as well as prevention programs. President Obama spoke about the issue of campus sexual assault in one of his weekly broadcasts in January. "Perhaps most important, we need to keep saying to anyone out there who has ever been assaulted: you are not alone. You will never be alone. We have your back. I’ve got your back. " Schools or educators can learn more about preventing sexual violence from the National Sexual Violence Resource Centre.
    Questions 20 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.
    20. What risk are young women in the United States facing in the first year of college?
    21. What did universities in Canada do to help female students avoid sexual assault?
    22. What did the investigative group’s report advise universities to do?