2. 外语
  3. Mayor Smith, one of our few government officials with a record of outspoken, informed, and consistent opposition to nuclear powe

Mayor Smith, one of our few government officials with a record of outspoken, informed, and consistent opposition to nuclear powe

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问题 Mayor Smith, one of our few government officials with a record of outspoken, informed, and consistent opposition to nuclear power plant construction projects, has now declared herself in favor of building the nuclear power plant at Little-town. If someone with her past antinuclear record now favors building this power plant, then there is good reason to believe that it will be safe and therefore should be built. The argument is vulnerable to criticism on which one of the following grounds?
选项 A、It overlooks the possibility that not all those who fail to speak out on issues of nuclear power are necessarily opposed to it.
B、It assumes without warrant that the qualities enabling a person to be elected to public office confer on that person a grasp of the scientific principles on which technical decisions are based.
C、It fails to establish that a consistent and outspoken opposition is necessarily an informed opposition.
D、It leads to the further but unacceptable conclusion that any project favored by Mayor Smith should be sanctioned simply on the basis of her having spoken out in favor of it.
E、It gives no indication of either the basis of Mayor Smith’s former opposition to nuclear power plant construction or the reasons for her support for the Little-town project.
答案E
解析 从本题段落所给的证据，我们只知道Smith市长以前反对兴建核电站，但我们无从知道她为什么反对兴建核电站。Smith市长现在又突然热衷于兴建Littletown核电站，仅仅因为她以前反对兴建核电站，段落中就下结论认为该核电站是安全的。因此本文犯了诉诸权威的错误，也就是说它在既没给出Smith市长先前反对核电站的出发点，也没给出她支持Littletown项目的原因的情况下得出了它的结论，由此可知(E)是正确的。(D)是比较容易误选的选项，但(D)选项“any project”一词过于绝对化，在逻辑论证中过于绝对化的选项往往都有误；(A)、(B)和(C)三选项都与本题的结论无太大的关系。
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