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  3. [A] According to a two-year study, wearable fitness trackers designed to coax users into busting moves and burning calories thro

[A] According to a two-year study, wearable fitness trackers designed to coax users into busting moves and burning calories thro

admin2019-09-15  40
问题    [A] According to a two-year study, wearable fitness trackers designed to coax users into busting moves and burning calories throughout their daily lives didn’t help anyone lose weight. In fact, overweight dieters using the arm-mounted gizmos actually gained more weight on average than those using old-fashioned, tech-less dieting schemes. The study, published Tuesday in JAMA, contradicts earlier studies that found the trackers can boost weight loss. But those earlier trials tended to be smaller and shorter.
   [B] For the study, Dr. Jakicic and his colleagues started with one of those effective behavioral interventions. They enrolled 471 young adults (aged 18-35) who were overweight (with an average weight of around 210 pounds) and wanted to slim down. For the first six months, the participants had to stick to a low-calorie diet, a prescribed fitness plan, log their progress in diet diaries, and attend weekly group counseling sessions.
   [C] After six months, everyone had lost weight—about 17-19 pounds on average. Next, the participants were divided into two groups. One group got the fitness tracker for 18 months, while the other just had to log their activity into a study website (considered a standard dieting method). By the 24-month mark, many participants in both groups had regained some of the weight they lost in the first six months. Those on the standard plan were, on average, 13 pounds lighter than when they started the whole thing (before the six-month intervention). But those using the fitness trackers were, on average, only about 8 pounds lighter.
   [D] Jakicic says future studies will be necessary to tease such potential factors out, plus test the effectiveness of different wearable fitness tracking devices. "Probably more importantly," he said, "is for us to try to understand for whom and when these devices are actually very effective." For some people, fitness trackers might work, he said. For others, they might backfire.
   [E] Chiming in with reminders, data, and tips, our sleek gadgets and handy apps want to program us into being better versions of ourselves: more responsible, more productive, and healthier. But, sadly, some technology is no match for the chaotic code of an emotional human—particularly one struggling on a diet.
   [F] While the results surprised the researchers, the data didn’t provide any clear clues as to why the fitness trackers seemed to sabotage dieters’ weight loss efforts. Perhaps the devices worked to get people moving, but then led them to be hungrier and overeat. Or it’s possible that people might have felt discouraged if they kept track of their fitness each day, felt they weren’t going to meet their daily goal, and then gave up early.
   [G] The new data, the authors say, suggests that tossing technology at big problems, like fitness, diet, willpower, and motivation, isn’t straightforward and requires more nuanced, long-term studies. "I think we have to be a little bit cautious about simply thinking that what we can do is just add technology to these already effective interventions and expect better results," lead study researcher John Jakicic, of the University of Pittsburgh, said in an interview with JAMA.
   
选项
答案E
解析 本题可用排除法。A和B的位置已经给出，不必考虑。C段首的After six months表明前文应该有讲六个月之前的情况，且C第二句出现了特指名词the participants，因此C不会是首段。D提及人名Jakicic，前文应该有关于此人的简单介绍或说明，故D也不可能是第一段。F和G开头分别出现了特指表达the results和the researchers，以及The new data和the authors，故它们也不能做首段。E开头无特指名词，也无暗示先后次序的表达，适合作为开篇段落；该段末尾引出文章话题，指出对于节食的人来说，科技可能起到适得其反的作用。故本题选E。
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