2. 外语
  3. In the USA, 85% of the population over the age of 21 approve of the death penalty. In the many states which still have the death

In the USA, 85% of the population over the age of 21 approve of the death penalty. In the many states which still have the death

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问题     In the USA, 85% of the population over the age of 21 approve of the death penalty. In the many states which still have the death penalty, some use the electric chair, which can take up to 20 minutes to kill, while others use gas or lethal injection.
    The first of these was the case of Ruth Ellis who was hanged for shooting her lover in what was generally regarded as a crime of passion. The second was hanged for murders which, it was later proved, had been committed by someone else.
    The pro-hanging lobby (赞成极刑的院外活动集团) uses four main arguments to support its call for the reintroduction of capital punishment. First there is the deterrence theory, which argues that potential murderers would think twice before committing the act if they knew that they might die if they were caught. The armed bank robber might, likewise, go back to being unarmed.
    The other two arguments are more suspect. The idea of retribution demands that criminals should get what they deserve: if a murderer intentionally set out to commit a crime, he should accept the consequences. Retribution, which is just another word for revenge, is supported by the religious doctrine of an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.
    The arguments against the death penalty are largely humanitarian (人道主义的). But there are also statistical reasons for opposing it; the deterrence figures do not add up. In Britain, 1903 was the the record year for executions and yet in 1904 the number of murders actually rose. There was a similar occurrence in 1946 and 1947. If the deterrence theory were correct, the rate should have fallen.
    The other reasons to oppose the death penalty are largely a matter of individual conscience and belief. One is that murder is murder and that the state has no more right to take a life than the individual. The other is that Christianity advises forgiveness, not revenge.
We can learn from the last paragraph that______.
选项 A、neither the state nor the individual has the right to take a life
B、the state has the right to take a life but the individual does not
C、the death penalty has nothing to do with individual conscience and belief
D、the deterrence figures have added up and the execution rate has fallen
答案A
解析 本题是一道引申推断题。问我们可以从最后一段中了解到什么。最后一段指出，反对死刑的其他理由主要是与人的思想意识和信仰有关。一种人认为：杀人就是杀人，国家和个人都无权杀害一条生命；另一种人认为：基督教劝人宽容，而不是报复。因此，本题的正确答案应是A“无论是国家还是个人都无权杀人”。
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