首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
After a run of several thousand years, it is entirely fitting that 2000 will be marked as the year the tide turned against taxat
After a run of several thousand years, it is entirely fitting that 2000 will be marked as the year the tide turned against taxat
admin
2011-02-26
87
问题
After a run of several thousand years, it is entirely fitting that 2000 will be marked as the year the tide turned against taxation. Clay tablets recall the taxes of Hammurabi in the Babylon of 2000BC, but the practice is certainly older. People in power have always tried to divert some of the proceeds of economic activity in their own direction. Lords took feudal dues from their vassals; landowners took tolls from merchants; gangsters took protection money from small businesses; governments took taxes from their citizens. Despite the different names, the principle has remained constant: those who do not produce take resources from those who do, and spend it on altogether different things.
The tide is turning because of the convergence of several factors, in the first place, taxes are becoming harder to collect. Capital is more mobile than ever, and inclined to fly from places that tax to places that do not. Governments do not move their boundaries and jurisdictions as rapidly as companies can change locations. Attempts to establish trans-national tax powers are almost certainly, ably doomed by international competition to attract economic activity. Many businesses will choose to stay out of reach.
The global economy and the Internet mean that purchases can now cross frontiers. People buy books, clothes, and cars from abroad, and any finance minister who likes to tax these items find his tax base diminishing. It is not only capital and goods which are harder to pin down. Even wages are crossing frontiers. The rise of the service sector means that many income-generating activities can take place across frontiers, causing yet more headaches for overstretched public treasuries. Furthermore, the pace of electronic, hard-to-trace activity is accelerating.
No less important has been the rise of political resistance. The past quarter-century has been marked by a movement led in Britain and America itself in California’s famous tax-cutting referendum Proposition 13, but saw its fullest expression in the Thatcher and Reagan tax cuts of the 1980’s. Britain’s Tories entered office in 1979 with the top rate of income tax at 98%, and left office 18 years later with a top rate of 40%. Indeed, their Labour opponents became electable only after a firm promise not to raise it again. The plain fact is that electorates these days will not stand for it. They recognize, correctly, that governments spend their money less carefully and less efficiently than they can spend it themselves.
One of the greatest uses of tax money is to provide pensions. And here a revolution--as important and pervasive as privatization--is sweeping the world. Fully-funded personal pension plans, based on individual savings, are sweeping away the poorly funded public pensions promised by governments. The latter take taxes from the young to support the old. The former invest savings from the young to support themselves when old.
According to this article, the people who have many problems relating to tax are ______.
选项
A、the old.
B、the young.
C、the banks.
D、the finance ministers of various countries.
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/wfBO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
TradingPlacesWendyLedgerlooksatjobswapping,astaffdevelopmentschemeinwhichemployeesexchangejobsforashort
A、thecompany’splansforthefuture.B、theperformanceofthecommittee.C、suggestedchangestoadocument.C
•Lookatthelistbelow.Itshowsarticlesinabusinesswebsite.•Forquestions6-10,decidewhicharticle(A-H)eachperson
HEALTHSURE-foryouandyourfamilyManyhealthinsurancepoliciesonlycoverthepaymentsyouhavetomakewhenyougoint
•Readtheadvertisementbelowforasolution.•Aresentences16-22ontheoppositepage’Right’or’Wrong’?Ifthereisnot
•Lookatthenoticebelow.ItshowsthecompanieswithofficesintheRoyalCommercialbuilding.•Forquestions6-10,decidewhi
•Readthearticlebelowaboutteam-building.•Choosethecorrectwordtofilleachgap,fromA,BorConthenextpage.•For
Lookatthechartbelow.Itshowsamanufacturingcompany’sexpenditureonrecruitmentandtraining,anditsproductionlevelso
Computersmayonedayturnnightintoday—withgoodold,naturalsunlight.Giantcomputer-controlledmirrors,thousandsoff
RecentreformeffortsAhavebeenfocusedonencouraginglifelongorrecurrenteducationtomeetBchangingindividualandsocial
随机试题
某输气干线全长40km,管子规格∮529×10,输送相对密度0.6的天然气,当天的输气量为1.85×106m3(标),管线起点压力为1.2MPa(绝),终点压力为0.8MPa(绝),管内气体平均温度为18℃,平均压缩系数为1。试问:该管道输送效率为多少?
赵某因共同盗窃犯罪被人民法院判处有期徒刑3年,人民法院量刑时考虑到赵某有积极退赃和检举他人犯罪的情节,决定宣告缓刑3年。缓刑考验期满之后不久,司法机关查获赵某在缓刑考验期内又曾盗窃价值约5000余元的财物。对赵某应当如何处理?()
影响大气扩散能力的主要动力因子的是()。
某家具生产企业有木加工车间、油漆喷涂车间等,相关建设的车间于2014年完成验收,并按计划正式投产。木加工车间内有油漆木制件的砂、抛、磨加工等工序及部分金属切割工作,主要设备有跑车带锯机、轻型带锯机、平刨机、压刨机、木磨床等。油漆喷涂车间主要是根据市场需求选
InspiteofallstoriesofprosperityintheUnitesStates,notonlydoespovertyexistthere,butcnmesofVarloustypeshavebee
1898年4月1日,星期五,三只新时钟被调到相同的时间:中午12点。第二天中午,发现A钟的时间完全准确,B钟正好快了1分钟,C钟正好慢了1分钟。现在假设三个钟都没有被调,它们保持着各自的速度继续走而且没有停。那么到(),三只时钟的时针分针会再次都指
下列不属于“黑死病”造成的影响的一项是()。文中[]应填入的词语是()。
客车和货车同时从甲、乙两城相对开出,客车每小时行80千米,货车每小时行70千米。两车相遇后又继续前进,到达甲、乙两城后立即返回。两车再次相遇时,客车比货车多行了45千米。甲、乙两城之间的路程是多少千米?
PON包括哪两种网络?EPON由哪3部分组成,采用什么拓扑结构?
根据乔姆斯基于20世纪50年代建立的形式语言的理论体系,语言的文法被分为4种类型,即0型(短语文法),1型(上下文有关文法)、2型(上下文无关文法)和3型(正规文法)。其中,2型文法与(28)等价,所以有足够的能力描述多数现今程序设计的语言的句法结构。一个
最新回复
(
0
)