首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Who Lives? Who Dies? Who Decides? A)Some have called it a Right to Die case. Others have labeled it a Right to Live case. One gr
Who Lives? Who Dies? Who Decides? A)Some have called it a Right to Die case. Others have labeled it a Right to Live case. One gr
admin
2015-01-31
88
问题
Who Lives? Who Dies? Who Decides?
A)Some have called it a Right to Die case. Others have labeled it a Right to Live case. One group of advocates has called for "death with dignity." Others have responded accusingly, "euthanasia".
B)At the center of the latest controversy about life and death, medicine and law, is a seventy-eight-year-old Massachusetts man whose existence hangs on a court order.
C)On one point, everyone agrees: Earle Spring is not the man he used to be. Once a strapping outdoorsman, he is now called senile by many, and mentally incompetent by the courts. He is, at worst, a member of living dead; at best, a shriveled version of his former self.
D)For more than two years, since his physical and then mental health began to deteriorate , Earle Spring has been kept alive by spending five hours on a kidney dialysis machine three times a week. Since January 1979, his family has pleaded to have him removed from the life-support system.
E)They believe deeply that he Earle Spring who was would not want to live as the Earle Spring who is. They believe they are advocates for the right to die in peace.
F)In the beginning, the court agrees. Possibly for the first time, they reeled last month in favor of withdrawing medical care from an elderly patient whose mind had deteriorated. The dialysis was stopped.
G)But then, in a sudden intervention, an outside nurse and doctor visited Earle Spring and testified that he was alert enough to "make a weak expression of his desire to live." And so the treatments were resumed.
H)Now, while the courts are waiting for new and more thorough evidence about Spring’ s mental state, the controversy rages about legal procedures; no judge ever visited Spring, no psychiatrist ever testified. And even more important, we are again forced to determine one person’ s right to die or to live.
I)This case makes the Karen Ann Quinlan story seem simple in comparison. Quinlan today hangs onto her "life" long after her "plug was pulled." But when the New Jersey court heard that case, Quinlan had no will. She had suffered brain death by any definition.
J)The Spring story is different. He is neither competent nor comatose. He lives in a gray area of consciousness. So the questions also range over the gray area of our consciences.
K)What should the relationship be between mental and physical treatment? Should we treat the incompetent as aggressively as the competent? Should we order heart surgery for one senile citizen? Should we take another off a kidney machine? Who is to decide?
L)Until recently, we didn’t have the technology to keep Earle Spring alive. Until recently, the-life-and-death decisions about the senile elderly or the retarded or the institutionalized were made privately between families and medical people. Now, increasingly, in States like Massachusetts, they are made publicly and legally.
M)Clearly there are no absolutes in this case. No right to die. No right to live. We have to take into account many social as well as medical factors. How much of the resources of a society or a family should be allotted to a member who no longer recognizes it? How many sacrifices should the healthy and vital make for the terminally or permanently ill and disabled?
N)In England, where kidney dialysis machines are scarce, Earle Spring would never have remained on one. In America, one Earle Spring can decimate the energy and income of an entire family.
O)But the Spring case is a crucial, scary one that could affect all those living under that dubious sentence "incompetent" or that shaky diagnosis "senile". So it seems to me that if there is any mental activity at all, then disconnecting him from life would be a dangerous precedent, far more dangerous than letting him continue.
P)The court ruled originally in favor of taking Spring off the machine. It ruled that this is what Earle Spring would have wanted. I have no doubt that his family believes it. I have no doubt of their affection or their pain.
Q)But I remember, too, what my grandfather used to say: No one wants to live to be one hundred until you ask the man who is ninety-nine. Well, no one, including Earle Spring, wants to live to be senile. But once senile, he may well want to live. We simply have to give him the benefit of the doubt. Any doubt.
Social and medical factors should be taken into consideration when life-and-death decisions are made.
选项
答案
M
解析
题干:当决定生死问题时,社会和医疗因素应该被考虑进去。题干关键词是social and medical,factors和life-and-death decisions。文中M段提到,很明显,这种事情没有绝对性的原则。没有权利死,也没有权利活,我们必须要考虑很多社会因素以及医疗因素。与题干意思一致,故选M。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/x0q7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
EarlierthisyearImetwithagroupofwomeninMatela,asmallfarmingvillageinTanzania,andwediscussedsomethingthat’s
ABriefHistoryofOnlineShoppingA)WhenAmazon.comopenedforbusiness15yearsago,itwasnothingmorethanafewpeoplepac
TodayAmericanparentsarefindingthemselvesinadilemmaabouthowtodealwithteenagedrinking,aserioussocialproblem.A
A、Canceltheclass.B、Teachtheclass.C、Handoutexampapers.D、Collectstudents’homework.C女士说Ashley想让人帮她把期中考试的试卷发回去,男士说可以帮她,
Apaper,Anatomy(剖析)ofaLargeScaleSocialSearchEngine,layingoutastrategyforsocialsearchhasbeengettingagooddeal
A、Hedecidesnottotakechemistry.B、He’sbeentiredofphysics.C、He’salreadyfoundapartner.D、He’stoobusytofindapart
Sinceancienttimes,thedestructiveeffectsofearthquakesonhumanlivesandpropertyhaveencouragedthesearchforreliable
ProtectYourPrivacyWhenJob-huntingOnlineA)Identitytheftandidentityfraudaretermsusedtorefertoalltypesofcrimei
ProtectYourPrivacyWhenJob-huntingOnlineA)Identitytheftandidentityfraudaretermsusedtorefertoalltypesofcrimei
随机试题
在手关节横断层面上,近侧列腕骨自桡侧向尺侧为_______________、_______________、_______________和_______________,远侧列腕骨自桡侧向尺侧为_______________、______________
病毒的形态学检查方法不包括
A、药物经济学B、成本C、直接成本D、间接成本E、隐性成本因疾病引起的疼痛,精神上的痛苦、紧张和不安,生活与行动的某些不便()
《安全生产法》规定了生产经营单位主要负责人对本单位安全生产工作所负的职责,其中最重要的一条是()。
【背景资料】某机电安装工程公司总承包一大型制药厂设备安装工程。合同约定,工程设备和主材由业主采购提供。管道工程安装时,因业主提供的水泵迟迟不能到货而影响工期,项目部为保证施工进度自行采购部分水泵并进行安装,安装后被监理工程师发现,下令停工。经与业
W公司是一家多元化经营的公司,公司领导层正在思考是否应该采取措施将新的业务加入到业务组合中去,在有吸引力的行业中建立新的地位。该公司领导的想法体现的是公司战略层次的()。
教育这个社会子系统的三个基本要素是:教育者、学习者和()
人力弹性理论:是指在人力资源管理中,通过灵活调整人力结构、员工数量、工作数量、工作内容、工作时间、员工薪资等因素,来满足企业对不同层次、不同水平和不同模式的人力资源需求的管理方式。其最大特点在于主要不是依靠外力(如上级发号施令),而是依靠个性平等、民主管理
从所给的四个选项中,选择最合适的一个填入问号处,使之呈现一定的规律性。
TheVictorianAgewaslargelyanageof______,eminentlyrepresentedbyDickensandThackeray.
最新回复
(
0
)