首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Type D personality, first defined in the ’90s, is characterized by feelings of negativity, depression, anxiety, stress, anger, a
Type D personality, first defined in the ’90s, is characterized by feelings of negativity, depression, anxiety, stress, anger, a
admin
2015-04-29
69
问题
Type D personality, first defined in the ’90s, is characterized by feelings of negativity, depression, anxiety, stress, anger, and loneliness. Type D personalities sweat the small stuff and often expect the worst. They have trouble making friends and often have low self-esteem. They are tense, chronically angry, and overreact to stressful situations: they also tend to conceal their feelings from others out of fear of rejection. About 20 percent of healthy Americans are Type D’s, as are up to half of people being treated for heart problems, says study author Johan Denollet, a psychologist at Tilburg University in the Netherlands.
Denollet and his colleagues analyzed 49 previous studies involving more than 6,000 people and found that Type D spells trouble—especially for heart patients, who had a greater risk of dying if they had this personality type, compared to non-D’s. "It really adds weight to the argument that this core, hostile personality is a concern—or ought to be a concern—for people who have it," says Barry Jacobs, a clinical psychologist and American Heart Association spokesman. "If you perceive things in a particularly skewed, negative way, your body will become more reactive over time, and there will be long-term health consequences. " In previous research, Denollet studied nearly 300 heart patients in a cardiac rehabilitation(心脏病康复)program and found that 27 percent of those classified as Type D died within eight years(mostly of heart attacks and strokes), compared to 7 percent of the non-D’s.
The link between Type D personality and poor health outcomes is most likely driven by its high stress levels, Denollet says. Unlike Type A’s who vent, Type D’s—who don’t tend to speak up for themselves or express their emotions—have no outlet for their stress. Stress causes high Cortisol(皮质醇)levels, which, in turn, can elevate blood pressure and lead to chronic, artery-damaging inflammation. Behavior probably plays a role, too, says Denollet, since Type D’s are less likely to exercise, quit smoking, and are rather bad at "complying with treatment programs. "
And because they’re typically tense and insecure in social situations, Type D’s may also shy away from seeking medical care or prefer not to discuss worrisome symptoms with their doctors.
A 14-question scale is used to determine whether folks have Type D. But you can ask yourself the following questions: Do you often feel unhappy? Is your view of the world gloomy? Are you often irritated, or in a bad mood? Do you make a big deal out of unimportant issues? Is it difficult for you to start conversations? Do you tend to keep people at a distance? Answering yes to several may clue you in that you need to make some changes.
Which of the following changes is good for Type D’s?
选项
A、Focussing on unimportant issues.
B、Avoiding seeking medical care.
C、Learning smoking to make more friends.
D、Be patient for something that offends you.
答案
D
解析
推断题。末段描述了D型性格的表现,由Are you often irritated,or in a bad mood?可知,[D]中的改变对Type D’s有益,故为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/xOHK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Altogetherhowmanypeoplewerereportedmissing?
NobigdevelopedcountryhascomeoutoftheglobalrecessionlookingstrongerthanGermanyhas.Theeconomyminister,RainerBr
—Whocalledthismorning?—______.
Ishouldsayheisnot______ateacherasascholar.
Thereoughttobelessanxietyovertheperceivedriskofgettingcancerthan______inthepublicmindtoday.
TheTransactionoftheMentalHealthyQuestionofUniversityStudentLet’sbefrank:collegecanbetough.Accordingtoa20
Jackwasthewinnerofnationaltenniscompetitionforasecond______year.
Inthe1960s,medicalresearchersThomasHolmesandRichardRahedevelopedacheck-listofstressfulevents.Theyappreciatedt
Whydoesn’tthewomanchargethemanforhislatecheck-out?
WhatistheprimarypowerofSouthKorea’seconomicprogressintheseyears?
随机试题
合并财务报表
A.相使配伍B.相畏配伍C.相杀配伍D.相恶配伍E.相反配伍一种药物的毒性反应或副作用,能够被另一种药物减轻或消除,这种配伍关系是
唾液不具有下列哪一点性质A.粘稠液体B.比重较水大C.pH范围在6.0~7.9D.晨起时多呈弱碱性E.渗透压随分泌率变化
A.生命价值论B.生命质量论C.生命神圣论D.以上都是E.以上都不是以人的自然素质的高低、优劣来衡量其对自身、他人和社会存在价值的伦理观是
科学发展观的基本要求是()。
江南古镇中素有“文化之邦”和“诗书之乡”之称的是()。
当事人不服公安机关作出的(),不能提起行政复议。
有些城市通过举办马拉松比赛提升了城市知名度,因此很多城市竞相效仿。对于这种跟风现象,你怎么看?
Inthesamewaythatachildmustbeabletomovehisarmsandlegsbeforehecanlearntowalk,thechildmustphysiologically
Secondhandsmokeisaccountablefor42,000deathsannuallytononsmokersintheUnitedStates,includingnearly900infants,acc
最新回复
(
0
)