首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Let us assume, for the moment, that labor m not prepared to work for a lower money-wage and that a reduction in the existing lev
Let us assume, for the moment, that labor m not prepared to work for a lower money-wage and that a reduction in the existing lev
admin
2011-05-29
82
问题
Let us assume, for the moment, that labor m not prepared to work for a lower money-wage and that a reduction in the existing level of money-wages would lead, through strikes or otherwise, to a withdrawal from the labor market of labor which is now employed. Does it follow from this that the existing level of real wages accurately measures the marginal disutility of labor? Not necessarily. For, although a reduction in the existing money-wage would lead to a withdrawal of labor, it does not follow that a fall in the value of the existing money-wage in terms of wage-goods would do so, if it were due to a rise in the price of the latter. In other words, it may be the case that within a certain range the demand of labor is for a minimum money-wage and not for a minimum real wage. The classical school has tacitly assumed that this would involve no significant change in their theory. But this is not so. For if the supply of labor is not a function of real wages as its sole variable, their argument breaks down entirely and leaves the question of what the actual employment will be quite indeterminate. They do not seem to have realized that, unless the supply of labor is a function of real wages alone, their supply curve for labor will shift bodily with every movement of prices. Thus their method is tied up with their very special assumptions, and cannot be adapted to deal with the more general case.
Now ordinary experience tells us, beyond doubt, that a situation where labor stipulates (within limits) for a money-wage rather than a real wage, so far from being a mere possibility, is the normal case. Whilst workers will usually resist a reduction of money- wages, it is not their practice to withdraw their labor whenever there is a rise in the price of wage-goods. It is sometimes said that it would be illogical for labor to resist a reduction of money-wages but not to resist a reduction of real wages. For reasons given below, this might not be so illogical as it appears at first; and, as we shall see later, fortunately so. But, whether logical or illogical, experience shows that this is how labor in fact behaves.
Moreover, the contention that the unemployment which characterizes a depression is due to a refusal by labor to accept a reduction of money-wages is not clearly supported by the facts. It is not very plausible to assert that unemployment in the United States in 1932 was due either to labor obstinately refusing to accept a reduction of money-wages or to its obstinately demanding a real wage beyond what the productivity of the economic machine was capable of furnishing. Wide variations are experienced in the volume of employment without any apparent change either in the minimum real demands of labor or in its productivity. Labor is not more truculent in the depression than in the boom-far from it. Nor is its physical productivity less, These facts from experience are a prima facie ground for questioning the adequacy of the classical analysis.
"Labor is not prepared to work for a lower money-wage". The sentence means ______.
选项
A、a fall in the value of the existing money-wage would lead to a withdrawal of labor
B、a rise in the price of wage-goods would lead to a withdrawal of labor
C、the demand of labor is for a rise of existing money-wage
D、the demand of labor is for reduction in the value of real wages
答案
C
解析
根据原文的“it does not follow that a fall in the value of the existing money-wage in terms of wage-goods would do so”可知,A项不对;B、D与原文的意思刚好相反。“labor is not prepared to work for a lower money-wage”的意思是“人们不能忍受劳动力价格的降低”,因此C项为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/xU6O777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Lookatthelayoutofasupermarketbelow.Forquestions6—10,whereshouldyougo?ForeachquestionmarkoneletterA-
Lookatthechartsbelow.TheyshowInternetsalescomparedtoHighStreetsalesofholidaysofferedbyeightdifferenttravelc
•Lookatthechartbelow.Itshowsacountry’sunemploymentrate.inflationrateandtherateofGDPgrowthduringeightquarters
Areyoualwayssureyouknowwhatpeoplemeanwhentheytrytodescribetheirfeelingstoyou?Weusebothwordsandgesturesto
Perhapsallcriminalsshouldberequiredtocarrycardswhichread:Fragile;HandlewithCare.Itwillneverso,thesedaystog
Onecanunderstandothersmuchbetterbynotingtheimmediateandfleetingreactionsoftheireyesand______toexpressedthoug
Everymoderngovernment,liberalorotherwise,hasaspecificpositioninthefieldofideas;itsstabilityisvulnerabletocri
Tidesarecreatedmainlybythepullofthemoonontheearth.Themoon’spullcauseswaterintheoceanstobealittledeeper
Inaway,allofusareonaspaceship,theplanetEarth.Wemovearoundthesun【36】18milespersecondandneverstop.Onours
______eversohumble,there’snoplacelikehome.
随机试题
定量评估比较细致、复杂,必须从细微之处人手,管理制度中要有具体要求,_______,根据实际效果分项打分,整理汇总后得出评定结果。
对呼吸循环影响最大的气胸是
下列物质中,火灾分类属于A类火灾的是()。
美国证券市场的主板市场是以()为核心的全国性证券交易市场。
下列项目中属于政府会计中的财务会计所包含的要素有()。
破产程序终结后,由()向破产企业原登记机关办理注销登记。
2008年1月8日,A以甲公司不能清偿到期债务且资不抵债为由向人民法院提出破产申请。1月21日,人民法院裁定受理破产申请,指定了管理人,并发出公告,要求甲公司的所有债权人在5月21日之前申报债权。在申报债权到期日前,A申报到期债权1000万元,其中:欠款8
教育部关于公布《高等学校信息公开事项清单》的通知教办函[2014]23号各省、自治区、直辖市教育厅(教委),各计划单列市教育局,新疆生产建设兵团教
某机械厂为增值税一般纳税人,2010年7月发生如下经营业务:(1)7月份外购钢材一批,价款20000元,取得增值税专用发票上注明税款3400元,货款已支付。(2)7月份经营部外购传真机一台,价款3100元,取得的增值税专用发票上注明税款527元,传真机
我国自古就有“君子成人之美”、“为善最乐”、“博施济众”等广为流传的格言。这体现的公共生活中的道德规范是()
最新回复
(
0
)