首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Marketing is the process by which goods are sold and purchased. That process may be a simple act of exchange or an intricate, se
Marketing is the process by which goods are sold and purchased. That process may be a simple act of exchange or an intricate, se
admin
2016-11-21
41
问题
Marketing is the process by which goods are sold and purchased. That process may be a simple act of exchange or an intricate, sensitive mechanism, whereby goods and the title to them are moved from farmers, manufacturers, miners, and others who produce them to consumers. Simple marketing activities began with the development of a non-subsistence economy and interregional trade, including caravan and maritime commerce. Village fairs, town markets, and peddlers were all involved in primitive marketing activities. Later, general stores, traveling sales people, and, still later, the 20th-century chain stores became the chief marketing agencies. Modern marketing has evolved into a complex and diverse field. This field includes a wide variety of special functions such as advertising, mail-order business, public relations, retailing and merchandising, sales, transportation, wholesaling, marketing research, and pricing of goods.
The aim of marketing is to acquire, retain, and satisfy customers. Marketers begin by identifying the market for their product. Then they tailor their efforts to satisfy the needs and wants of customers within that market. A customer may be an industrial organization such as a food processor, a wholesale or retail outlet, a transportation or warehousing company, or an individual consumer. Those firms which understand the needs of their customers and seek to satisfy them tend to be more successful than those which do not.
Marketing costs average more than 50 percent of the total costs of consumer goods. These costs represent the value added to the product after it leaves the producer and before it reaches the final consumer — determining the shape, colors, and materials of a product while it is being designed: making the product available in conveniently located stores: guaranteeing its performance: and providing service warranties and easy credit terms.
Marketing techniques are also used by politicians, who carefully market themselves and their programs, by city and state governments to sell bond issues, and by hospitals and universities for fund-raising purposes. Modern domestic marketing in the United States has been greatly affected by a consumer movement that calls for better and safer products, more efficient services, and truthful advertising. Extensive government regulation in almost all fields — from advertising to transportation — has also necessarily claimed the attention of marketers.
With the growth of multinational corporations, marketing has greatly expanded its scope: many marketing managers take the whole world as their marketplace. Thus Eastman Kodak marketed its new Instamatic camera simultaneously in 28 countries in 1963 — the first time simultaneous worldwide marketing was achieved — and prepared advertising and publicity in more than 20 languages. Managers of such global activities must take into account international differences in climate, customs and business practices.
Which of the following is counted in marketing costs?
选项
A、Payment for the workers.
B、Capital for the raw materials.
C、Money for providing service warranties.
D、Fund for producing products.
答案
C
解析
事实细节题。第三段主要介绍了营销成本包括哪些方面,C是原文的细节再现。其他三项都是生产成本,不符合题干要求,故排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/xXJK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Inthebeginning,yourkidsneedyou—alot.They’reattachedtoyourhip,allthetime.Itmightbeamonth.Itmightbefiveye
Mostpeoplefeelstressatsometimeintheirlives.Somepeoplelikethispressureandworkbetterbecauseofit.Otherpeople
MostChinesepeoplewenttoworkbybikewithinliving______
Doctorsareinterestedinusinglasersasasurgicaltoolinoperationsonpeoplewhoare______toheartattack.
Itisoftensaidthatpolitenesscostsnothing.Infact,itseemsthatalittlemorecourtesycould【C1】______businesses£5bil
Oneofthemostcommonhumanfearsisscarcity.Manypeopleareafraidofnothavingenoughofwhattheyneedorwant,andsoth
Thestudentsareupinarmsaboutthestandardofteachingatthecollege.Theunderlinedpartmeans______.
[A]associated[B]attached[C]conclusion[D]conduct[E]distinguish[F]effect[G]natural[H]partly
WisdomTeethWisdomteetharenormallythelastteethtoappear./Thisusuallyhappenswhenpeopleareintheirlateteeny
Comeandseemewhenever______.
随机试题
资产负债表项目的质量分析不包括()。
下列禁止进入中药材专业市场的中药材是
在委托诉讼中,需要委托人特别授权的事项有( )。
下列有关同一控制下企业合并形成的长期股权投资初始投资成本的表述中,正确的是()。
我国三大平原不包括()。
构成法律的基本单位是()
论软件可靠性评价软件可靠性评价是指选用和建立合适的可靠性数学模型,运用统计技术和其他手段,对软件可靠性测试和系统运行期间的软件失效数据(也可能包含软件生命周期内其他可靠性数据)进行处理,并评估和预测软件可靠性的过程。软件可靠性评价是软件可靠性
AcademicMobilityScholarsandstudentshavealwaysbeengreattravelers."Academicmobility"isnowoftenstatedasafunda
The______crownjewelsarekeptintheTowerofLondon.
Singaporeisoneoftheworld’ssmallestcountriesbutitisalsooneofthemostsuccessfulcountries.Itseconomicgrowthhas
最新回复
(
0
)