2. 外语
  3. Medical research findings are customarily not made public prior to their publication in a medical journal that has had them revi

Medical research findings are customarily not made public prior to their publication in a medical journal that has had them revi

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问题 Medical research findings are customarily not made public prior to their publication in a medical journal that has had them reviewed by a panel of experts in a process called peer review. It is claimed that this practice delays public access to potentially beneficial information that, in extreme instances, could save lives. Yet prepublication peer review is the only way to prevent erroneous and therefore potentially harmful information from reaching a public that is ill equipped to evaluate medical claims on its own. Therefore, waiting until a medical journal has published the research findings that have passed peer review is the price that must be paid to protect the public from making decisions based on possibly substandard research. The argument assumes that
选项 A、unless medical research findings are brought to peer review by a medical journal, peer review will not occur.
B、anyone who does not serve on a medical review panel does not have the necessary knowledge and expertise to evaluate medical research findings.
C、the general public does not have access to the medical journals in which research findings are published.
D、all medical research findings are subjected to prepublica-tion peer review.
E、peer review panels are sometimes subject to political and professional pressures that can make their judgments less than impartial.
答案A
解析 本题读题重点是最后一句话，为典型的“就目的提方法”类型的假设。目的是：为了防止公众基于不合标准的研究而做出选择，必须要等到研究结果被评委会审阅读过。其隐含假设为评委评阅发生的必要条件为医学杂志送交评委评阅，而(A)选项正好符合这个思路，所以(A)是假设。我们可以对(A)取非验证。若评委评阅不一定非要经过医学杂志的媒介，那么可通过其他途径来使得评委评阅，然后尽早公布于众，因此结论必不正确，所以(A)正确。
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