首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
A Frenchman, the psychologist Alfred Binet, published the first standardized test of human intelligence in 1905. But it was an A
A Frenchman, the psychologist Alfred Binet, published the first standardized test of human intelligence in 1905. But it was an A
admin
2011-02-11
57
问题
A Frenchman, the psychologist Alfred Binet, published the first standardized test of human intelligence in 1905. But it was an American, Lewis Terman, a psychology professor at Stanford, who thought to divide a test taker’s "mental age", as revealed by that score, by his or her chronological age to derive a number that he called the "intelligence quotient", or IQ. It would be hard to think of a pop-scientific coinage that has had a greater impact of the way people think about themselves and others.
No country embraced the IQ—and the application of IQ testing to restructure society—mote thoroughly than the U.S. Every year millions of Americans have their IQ measured, many with a direct descendant of Binet’s original test, the Stanford-Binet, although not necessarily for the purpose Binet intended. He developed his test as a way of identifying public school students who needed extra help in learning; and that is still one of its leading uses.
But the broader and more controversial use of IQ testing has its roots in a theory of intelligence—part science, part sociology—that developed in the late 19th century, before Binte’s work and entirely separate from it, Championed first by Charles Darwin’ s cousin Francis Galton, it held that intelligence was the most valuable human attribute, and that if people who had a lot of it could be identified and put in leadership positions, all of Society would benefit.
Terman believed IQ tests should be used to conduct a great s6rting out of the population, so that young people would be assigned on the basis of their scores to particular levels in the school system, which would lead to corresponding socioeconomic destinations in adult life. The beginning of the IQ-testing movement overlapped with the eugenics movement—hugely popular in America and Europe among the "better sort" before Hitler gave it a bad name—which held that intelligence was mostly inherited and that people-deficient in it should be discouraged from reproducing. The state sterilization that Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes notoriously endorsed in a 1927.Supreme Court decision was done with an IQ score as justification.
The American IQ promoters scored a great coup during World War I when they persuaded the Army to give IQ tests to 1.7 million inductees. It was the world’s first mass administration of an intelligence test, and many of the standardized tests in use today can be traced back to it: the now ubiquitous and obsessed-over SAT(Stud), Ability Test); the Wechsler, taken by several million people a year, according to its publisher; and Terman’s own National Intelligence Test, originally used in tracking elementary school children. All these tests took from the Army the basic technique of measuring intelligence mainly by asking vocabulary questions (synonyms, antonyms, analogies, reading comprehension).
What does the author probably mean by "scored a great coup" (Para. 5)?
选项
A、Failed.
B、Succeeded.
C、Criticized.
D、Advocated.
答案
B
解析
第五段开头讲到了一战中,IQ倡导者说服军方对应召入伍的士兵进行测试,这是一大突破,故据此含义,该短语的意思应为B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/xeeO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
TheOriginofMoneyIntheearlieststagesofman’sdevelopmenthehadnomoreneedofmoneythananimalshave.Hewasconte
A、BritishB、AmericanC、IndianD、IranianC考查学生对新闻中Indian-born和试题中byorigin的理解。
JosephMachlissaysthatthebluesisanativeAmericanmusicalandverseform,withnodirectEuropeanandAfricanantecedents
SomeofthemostbasicconceptsofpsychologyweredefinedbySigmundFreudandtwoofhisfollowers,AlfredAdlerandCarlGust
A、50peoplediedintheterroristbombingB、therewerefourexplosivedevicesinvolvedintheterroristbombingC、theattackswe
Foryears,Europeanshavebeenusing"smartcards"topaytheirwaythroughtheday.Theyusetheminshopsandrestaurants,plu
A、ThisisthebiggesttakeoverbattleforChinaB、China’sbidwillprobablytriggeracostlybidingcompetitionoverthecompan
Proponentsofdifferentjazzstyleshavealwaysarguedthattheirpredecessors,musicalstyledidnotincludeessentialcharacte
A、Power.B、Skill.C、Patience.D、Weapons.B
A、Anti-terrorism.B、Nuclearnon-proliferation.C、Civilianuseofuranium.D、EconomichelptoEasternEurope.B
随机试题
信息源把头脑中的想法进行编码从而生成了信息,影响被编码的信息的条件有()
西北某坑口电厂现有2×135MW燃煤发电机组,燃煤含硫率0.8%,配备电除尘器,未配备脱硫和脱氮设施,烟囱高度120m,生产用水取自自备水井。燃煤由皮带输送机运输到厂内露天煤场,煤场未设置抑尘设施。电厂采用水力除灰,灰场设在煤矿沉陷区,灰水处理后排入距厂
某建设项目有关数据如下:(1)建设期2年,运营期8年,固定资产投资总额5000万元(不含建设期贷款利息),其中包括无形资产600万元。项目固定资产投资资金来源为自有资金和贷款,贷款总额为2200万元,在建设期每年贷入1100万元,贷款年利率为5.
对于一个建设工程项目而言,下列()的项目管理属于管理核心。
土地的范围是()。
在消费者购买过程的五个阶段中受销售促进影响较大的环节是()。
作为劳动报酬的一部分,奖金有哪些特点?
下列属于描述数据离中趋势的统计量的是()
下列各项中,根据契税的相关规定不正确的是()。
AlthoughtherearemanyskillfulBraillereaders,thousandsofotherblindpeoplefinditdifficulttolearnthatsystem.Theya
最新回复
(
0
)