首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The History of Early Cinema A)The history of the cinema in its first thirty years is one of major and, to this day, unparalleled
The History of Early Cinema A)The history of the cinema in its first thirty years is one of major and, to this day, unparalleled
admin
2015-01-31
52
问题
The History of Early Cinema
A)The history of the cinema in its first thirty years is one of major and, to this day, unparalleled expansion and growth. Beginning as something unusual in a handful of big cities—New York, London, Paris and Berlin—the new medium quickly found its way across the world, attracting larger and larger audiences wherever it was shown and replacing other forms of entertainment as it did so.
B)As audiences grew, so did the places where films were shown, finishing up with the "great picture palaces" of the 1920s, which rivalled, and occasionally superseded, theatres and opera-houses in terms of opulence and splendour. Meanwhile, films themselves developed from being short "attractions" only a couple of minutes long, to the full-length feature that has dominated the world’ s screens up to the present day.
C)Although French, German, American and British pioneers have all been credited with the invention of cinema, the British and the Germans played a relatively small role in its world-wide exploitation. It was above all the French, followed closely by the Americans, who were the most passionate exporters of the new invention, helping to start cinema in China, Japan, Latin America and Russia. In terms of artistic development it was again the French and the Americans who took the lead, though in the years before the First World War, Italy, Denmark and Russia also played a part.
D)In the end, it was the United States that was to become, and remain, the largest single market for films. By protecting their own market and pursuing a vigorous export policy, the Americans achieved a dominant position on the world market by the start of the First World War. The centre of film-making had moved westwards, to Hollywood, and it was films from these new Hollywood studios that flooded onto the world s film markets in the years after the First World War, and have done so ever since.
E)Faced with total Hollywood domination, few film industries proved competitive.
The Italian industry, which had pioneered the feature film with spectacular films like Quo vadis(1913)and Cabiria(1914), almost collapsed. In Scandinavia, the Swedish cinema had a brief period of glory, notably with powerful epic films and comedies. Even the French cinema found itself in a difficult position. In Europe, only Germany proved industrially capable, while in the new Soviet Union and in Japan the development of the cinema took place in conditions of commercial isolation.
F)Hollywood took the lead artistically as well as industrially. Hollywood films appealed because they had better-constructed narratives, their special effects were more impressive, and the star system added a new dimension to screen acting.
G)If Hollywood did not have enough of its own resources, it had a great deal of money to buy up artists and technical innovations from Europe to ensure its continued dominance over present or future competition.
H)The rest of the world survived partly by learning from Hollywood and partly because audiences continued to exist for a product which corresponded to needs which Hollywood could not supply. As well as popular audiences, there were also increasing audiences for films which were artistically more adventurous or which dealt with the issues in the outer world.
I)None of this would have happened without technology, and cinema is in fact unique as an art form. In the early years, this art form was quite primitive, similar to the original French idea of using a lantern and slides back in the seventeenth century. Early cinema programmes were a mixture of items, combining comic sketches, free-standing narratives, serial episodes and the occasional trick or animated film.
J)With the arrival of the feature-length narrative as the main attraction, other types of films became less important. The making of cartoons became a separate branch of film-making, generally practised outside the major studios, and the same was true of serials. Together with newsreels, they tended to be shown as short items in a programme which led to the feature.
K)From early cinema, it was only American slapstick comedy that successfully developed in both short and feature format. However, during this "Silent Film" era, animation, comedy, serials and dramatic features continued to thrive, along with factual films or documentaries, which acquired an increasing distinctiveness as the period progressed.
L)It was also at this time that the avant-garde film first achieved commercial success, this time thanks almost exclusively to the French and the occasional German film.
M)Of the countries which developed and maintained distinctive national cinemas in the silent period, the most important were France, Germany and the Soviet Union. Of these, the French displayed the most continuity, in spite of the war and post-war economic uncertainties. The German cinema, relatively insignificant in the pre-war years, exploded on to the world scene after 1919. Yet even they were both overshadowed by the Soviets after the 1917 Revolution. They turned their back on the past, leaving the style of the pre-war Russian cinema to the emigres who fled westwards to escape the Revolution.
N)The other countries whose cinemas changed dramatically are: Britain, which had an interesting but undistinguished history in the silent period; Italy, which had a brief moment of international fame just before the war; the Scandinavian countries, particularly Denmark, which played a role in the development of silent cinema quite out of proportion to their small population; and Japan, where a cinema developed based primarily on traditional theatrical and, to a lesser extent, other art forms and only gradually adapted to western influence.
Japan made movies based more on its own culture than outside influences.
选项
答案
N
解析
本题意为日本主要基于本国文化而非外部影响来制作电影。题干中Japan和own culture是关键词,定位到N段的and Japan,where a cinema developed basedprimarily on traditional theatrical and,to a lesser extent,other art forms and onlygradually adapted to western influence“日本电影主要是在传统戏剧的基础上发展起来的,只有很少量地吸收了其他艺术形式”。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/xhh7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
A、Ahousesalescompany.B、Amotorsalescompany.C、Amotormaintenancecompany.D、Atravelagency.B对话中男士提到Myworkplaceisclos
A、Sheshouldbecarefulabouthowtospendhermoney.B、Sheshouldnotbuythebrownsuit.C、Sheshouldthinkcarefullywhenshe
A、Thewomandoesn’tthinkitaproblemtogetherpassportrenewed.B、Thewomanhasdifficultyrenewingherpassport.C、Thewoma
A、Americansliketohaveiceddrinks.B、TheScottishgovernmentofficesareintheCastle.C、Scotlandwasanindependentnation
A、Tostudythehistoryofthecity.B、Toseeasmuchofthecityasshecan.C、Todosomebusiness.D、TovisittheCastleanddo
A、Hefindshistorybooksdifficulttounderstand.B、Hehastoreadalotofhistorybooks.C、Hedoesn’tlikethehistorycourse.
DoestheWorldFaceaFutureofWaterWars?[A]Throughouthistory,peoplehavefoughtbitterwarsoverpoliticalideology,natio
Anadvanceddegreeinbusinessstudiesisnowamustforanyambitiousandfocusedexecutivehopingtoclimbthecareerladderi
Englishistheleadinginternationallanguage.Indifferentcountriesaroundtheglobe,English【B1】______themothertongue,ino
Englishistheleadinginternationallanguage.Indifferentcountriesaroundtheglobe,English【B1】______themothertongue,ino
随机试题
跟进战略的特点
下列作品中,具有悲剧色彩的有()
足月新生儿,第一胎,男,生后第3天,母乳喂养,生后24小时出现黄疸,皮肤黄染逐渐加重,查:Hb110g/L,母血型O,子血型B。该患儿最有可能的诊断为
患儿男性,5岁,主诉近1年来右腰部间断胀痛,无血尿、尿频、尿急和尿痛,无排尿困难。查体:右上腹略饱满,双合诊右肾区可触及一软性包块,并随呼吸上下活动。该患儿最可能为以下哪一种疾病
胎产式是指
不同的征税主体(即不同国家)对不同纳税人的同一税源进行的重复征税,称为()。
是日也,________,惠风和畅。(王羲之《兰亭集序》)
LeoTolstoywasaRussianwriterandmoralphilosopher,andoneoftheworld’sgreatestnovelists.HewasbornonApril30,1828
Biologicaldiversity—orbiodiversity—isthetermgiventototalvarietyandcomplexityandinteractionsofalllifeonEarth.Th
Nowadays,somestudentshavedroppedoffschooltostarttheirownenterprises.Theyhavetheirownidol:BillGateswhohaslef
最新回复
(
0
)