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  3. Among certain parents, it is an article of faith not only that they should treat their sons and daughters alike, but also that t

Among certain parents, it is an article of faith not only that they should treat their sons and daughters alike, but also that t

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问题     Among certain parents, it is an article of faith not only that they should treat their sons and daughters alike, but also that they do. If Jack gets videos games, and joins the soccer team and the math club, so does Jane.【C1】______.
    In one, scientists dressed newborns in gender-neutral clothes and misled adults about their sex. The adults described the "boys"(actually girls)as angry or distressed more often than did adults who thought they were observing girls, and described the "girls"(actually boys)as happy and socially engaged more than adults who knew the babies were boys.【C2】______.
    In another study, mothers estimated how steep a slope their 11-month-olds could crawl down. Moms of boys got it right to within one degree; moms of girls underestimated what their daughters could do by nine degrees, even though there are no differences in the motor skills of infant boys and girls. 【C3】______. How we perceive children—sociable or remote, physically bold or quiet—shapes how we treat them and therefore what experiences we give them. Since life leaves footprints on the very structure and function of the brain, these various experiences produce sex differences in adult behavior and brains—the result not of innate and inborn nature but of nurture.
    Yet there are differences in adults’ brains, and here Eliot is at her most original and persuasive: explaining how they arise from tiny sex differences in infancy. For instance, baby boys are more irritable than girls.【C4】______. By 4 months of age, boys and girls differ in how much eye contact they make, and differences in sociability, emotional expressivity, and verbal ability—all of which depend on interactions with parents—grow throughout childhood.
    【C5】______. You often see the claim that toy preferences—trucks or dolls—appear so early, they must be innate. But as Eliot points out, 6 and 12-month-olds of both sexes prefer dolls to trucks, according to a host of studies. Children settle into sex-based play preferences only around age 1, which is when they grasp which sex they are, identify strongly with it, and conform to how they see other, usually older, boys or girls behaving. "Preschoolers are already aware of what’s acceptable to their peers and what’s not," writes Eliot. Those play preferences then snowball, producing brains with different talents.
    The belief in blue brains and pink brains has real-world consequences, which is why Eliot goes after them with such vigor(and rigor). It encourages parents to treat children in ways that make the claims come true, denying boys and girls their full potential. "Kids rise or fall according to what we believe about them," she notes. And the belief fuels the drive for single-sex schools, which is based in part on the false claim that boy brains and girl brains process sensory information and think differently.     A. That makes parents likely to interact less with their "nonsocial" sons, which could cause the sexes’ developmental pathways to diverge.
    B. Lise Eliot, a neuroscientist at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, doesn’t think these parents are lying, exactly. But she would like to bring some studies to their attention.
    C. Those differences also arise from geider conformity.
    D. Dozens of such disguised-gender experiments have shown that adults perceive baby boys and girls differently, seeing identical behavior through a gender-tinted lens.
    E. For instance, the idea that the band of fibers connecting the right and left brain is larger in women, supposedly supporting their more "holistic" thinking, is based on a single 1982 study of only 14 brains.
    F. But that prejudice may cause parents to unconsciously limit their daughter’s physical activity.
    G. Eliot’s inescapable conclusion: there is "little solid evidence of sex differences in children’s brains."
【C4】
选项
答案A
解析 空格前一句提到的boys are more irritable than girls与选项A中的nonsocial是因果关系，且上文说到性别差异从婴儿时期就存在，这与A项的cause the sexes’developmental pathways todiverge相匹配，由此推测A项正确。
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