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  3. Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD (Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development) countries, in particular, how to

Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD (Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development) countries, in particular, how to

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问题     Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD (Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development) countries, in particular, how to pay for future public pension liabilities. And early retirement places an【C1】______ burden on pension financing. There is no easy solution, but【C2】______ retirement could help.
    Early retirement may seem like a worthy individual goal, but it is a socially【C3】______ one, and makes the present public pension system difficult to sustain for long. The【C4】______ reason is that more people are retiring early and living longer. That means more retirees depending on the【C5】______ of those in work for their income. The【C6】______ is worrying. In the next 50 years, low fertility rates and【C7】______ life expectancy in OECD countries will cause this old-age dependency rate to roughly double【C8】______ size. Public pension payments, which afford 30% ~ 80% of total retirement incomes in OECD countries, are【C9】______ to rise, on average, by over three percentage points in GDP and by as much as eight percentage points in some countries.【C10】______ is the pressure on pension funds that there is a danger of today’s workers not getting the pensions they expected or felt they【C11】______ for.
    Action is needed,【C12】______ simply aiming to reduce the【C13】______ (and cost) of public pensions, or trying to【C14】______ the role of privately funded pensions within the system, though necessary steps, may be【C15】______ to deal with the dependency challenge. After years of【C16】______ early retirement schemes to avoid【C17】______ and higher unemployment, many governments are now looking【C18】______ persuading people to stay in work until they are older. Surely, the thinking goes, if we are healthier now and jobs are physically less【C19】______ and unemployment is down, then perhaps the【C20】______ rate should rise anew.
【C1】
选项 A、unsolvable
B、additional
C、unsustainable
D、undue
答案C
解析 形容词辨析。空格处的形容词修饰burden，说明“提早退休给退休金的融资带来了负担”。由下文第二段首句对提早退休的叙述Early retirement…makes the present public pension system difficult to sustain for long(提早退休使当前的公共养老金系统难以持久)，可知文中强调的是其不可持续性，C项unsustainable“不能持续的，无法维持的”最符合文意。B项additional“附加的，额外的”、D项undue“不适当的，过度的”无法从文中推知。本文意在讨论前几年提倡的提前退休给养老金系统带来的挑战，并试图找出解决方案，所以A项unsolvable“不能解决的”与文意矛盾。
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