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  3. The topic of cloning has been a politically and ethically controversial one since its very beginning. While the moral and philos

The topic of cloning has been a politically and ethically controversial one since its very beginning. While the moral and philos

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问题     The topic of cloning has been a politically and ethically controversial one since its very beginning. While the moral and philosophical aspects of the issues are entirely up to the interpretation of the individual, the application of cloning technology can be studied objectively. Many in the scientific community advocate the use of cloning for the preservation and support of endangered species of animals, which aside from cloning, have no other practical hope for avoiding extinction.
    The goal of the use of cloning to avoid extinction is the reintroduction of new genes into the gene pool of species with few survivors, ensuring the maintenance and expansion of genetic diversity. Likely candidates for this technique are species known to have very few surviving members, such as the African Bongo Antelope, the Sumatran Tiger, and the Chinese Giant Panda. In the case of Giant Panda, some artificial techniques for creating offspring have already been performed, perhaps paving the way for cloning as the next step in the process.
    With the estimated population of only about 1, 000 Giant Pandas left in the world, the urgency of the situation has led to desperate measures. One panda was born through the technique of artificial insemination in the San Diego Zoo in the United States. "Hua Mei" was born in 1999 after her parents, Hsing-Hsing and Ling-Ling, had trouble conceiving naturally.
    The plan to increase the Giant Panda population through the use of cloning involves the use of a species related to the Giant Panda, the American Black Bear. Egg cells will be removed from female black bears and then fertilized with Panda cells such as those from Ling-Ling or Hsing-Hsing. The fertilized embryo will then re-implanted into the black bear, where it will grow and mature, until a new panda is delivered from the black bear host.
    Critics of cloning technology argue that the emphasis on cloning as a method by which to preserve species will draw funding away from other methods, such as habitat preservation and conservation. Proponents of cloning counter that many countries in which many endangered species exist are too poor to protect and maintain the species’ habitats anyway, making cloning technology the only practical way to ensure that those species survive to future generations. The issue is still hotly debated, as both sides weigh the benefits that could be achieved against the risks and ethical concerns that constantly accompany any argument on the issue.
Paragraph 5 is written to
选项 A、argue in favor of one side on a particularly controversial topic of cloning.
B、display both sides’ arguments on another contentious issue in cloning.
C、redirect the readers’ attention to the previously raised issue of ethics in cloning.
D、provide further relevant information to the evaluation of cloning as a preservation technique.
答案B
解析 细节题。第五段首先用Critics of cloning technology argue that…(克隆技术的批判者声辩说…)点出批评者的观点，接着用Proponents of cloning counter that…(克隆技术的支持者反驳道…)说出支持者的论点，最后一句做出总结，人们在科隆技术这一问题上的争论仍然激烈异常，但与此同时，争论的双方也在权衡利弊——利指的是利用克隆技术可能得到的好处；弊指的是与本课题有关的任何论点密不可分的诸多风险以及伦理问题。由此可知，B项符合文意。其他选项都概括不全。
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