首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
By the 1980s, according to international but admittedly inconsistent definitions of literacy, about seven out of ten adults in t
By the 1980s, according to international but admittedly inconsistent definitions of literacy, about seven out of ten adults in t
admin
2015-06-27
47
问题
By the 1980s, according to international but admittedly inconsistent definitions of literacy, about seven out of ten adults in the world were considered literate. The increase in literacy from ancient times to the present has not been a story of unbroken progress. The ability of people within a given society to read and write has been influenced by a number of factors, including economic well-being, the availability of material to read, the amount of education available, and the basic matter of the usefulness of reading.
Of these factors, usefulness has probably been the most decisive. In ancient societies, as people settled into stable patterns of agriculture and trade, it became useful for some of them to read and write in order to keep records, to transact business, and to measure amounts of land, animals, goods, materials, and produce. Since all economic aspects of a society were closely tied to the operations of government, literary became useful and even necessary for the keeping of records by officials. The responsibilities of citizenship led to a fairly high level of literacy in ancient Greece and Rome, but in addition to that, there also grew an appreciation of good literature, poetry, drama, history, and philosophy.
During the early Middle Ages, with the general breakdown of society in Europe and the decrease of commerce, literary became largely confined to the church. But in the late Middle Ages, in the period of the Renaissance, the great expansion of commerce and banking led to a revival in literacy for the same reason that had caused it to increase in the ancient world usefulness.
With the invention of the printing press and inexpensive paper late in the 15 th century there was for the first time a great availability of reading material for a much greater number of people. Religious reformers were among the first to utilize the situation, quickly getting translations of the Bible and educational tracts and booklets into the hands of many people.
The broadened religious enlightenment that resulted was followed in later centuries by a political one. Political theorists who favored doctrines promoting the natural rights of man called for an attack upon illiteracy. Political revolutions, particularly in the United States and France, helped inaugurate an era in which all classes were called upon to become informed on public policy for their own welfare. Against this political background there emerged the movement for universal popular education. Literacy came to be understood as a means whereby the individual could benefit and advance, and gradually whole societies began to acknowledge that universal literacy among their citizens was an avenue to greater economic well-being.
What brought about the great expansion of literacy in the late 15th century?
选项
A、The religious reforms.
B、The tradition and popularization of the Bible.
C、The availability of printing technology and cheap paper.
D、The renovations of the teaching methods.
答案
C
解析
由in the late 15th century将信息定位于第四段。该段首句提出,正是由于印刷术的发明和纸张的低廉价格才使欧洲的文化得到了前有未有的普及和提高,从而有文化的人增多了,故答案为[C]。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/y2XK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Whenmanypeoplediscussschools"goodorbad",whataretheytalkingabout?
SciencewriterTomStandagedrawsaptparallelsbetweenthetelegraphandthegemoflate20thcenturytechnology,theInternet.
Thesteadyhumofschoolheatingsystemsandair-conditionerscanmeanlowertestscoresformanyyoungstudents,foundanewst
BallGames球类运动Ballgameshavebecomeanintegralpartofmodernsociety./Theygiveusentertainmentprovidingusameans
MarianneHardwickwastimidandunadventurous,hervitalityconsumedbyphysicalactivityandlonging,hereintelligencebyinde
MarianneHardwickwastimidandunadventurous,hervitalityconsumedbyphysicalactivityandlonging,herintelligencebyindec
Factoriesaresuppliedwith______machines.
Hiswealthenabledhimto______hispassionateinterestinart.
Inthe1960s,medicalresearchersThomasHolmesandRichardRahedevelopedacheck-listofstressfulevents.Theyappreciatedt
TherearefewstrangeralliancesinAmerica’sculturewarsthantheonebetweennativistsandmulticulturalistsonthesubjecto
随机试题
一般由出版物发行企业决策层控制的有()。
在下列焊缝常见的缺陷中,属于表面缺陷的是________。
在新时期的小说创作潮流中,首先出现的是()
Soot(烟灰)andSnow:aHotCombination1NewresearchfromNASAscientistssuggestsemissions(释放)ofblacksootaltertheway
流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行时,下列哪种感染形式最多见
男性,24岁,胸部外伤后左侧肋骨骨折及血胸,下列除外哪种征象皆提示胸内进行性出血
某企业是2007年7月1日成立的有限合伙企业,该企业下列行为中,哪些正确?()
甲、乙企业于6月1日签订一份买卖合同,合同中约定,乙企业应于6月15日前到甲企业仓库提货,乙企业拖延至6月25日才去提货。6月20日甲企业仓库因洪水淹没,致使部分货物受损。依照《合同法》规定,货物毁损风险应由( )承担。
2004年,非粮食作物种植面积增长率最大的是( )。2004年,粮食与非粮食作物种植面积比为( )。
Thestampcollectorcanlearnagreatdealfromthecolorfulpiecesofpaperheputsinhisalbum.【C1】______learningsomebasic
最新回复
(
0
)