首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In recent years, lots of big economies have followed America’s lead in tightening anti-bribery enforcement. It is right that bri
In recent years, lots of big economies have followed America’s lead in tightening anti-bribery enforcement. It is right that bri
admin
2016-11-09
91
问题
In recent years, lots of big economies have followed America’s lead in tightening anti-bribery enforcement. It is right that bribery should be punished. The economic effects of illegal profits are startling. Bribery distorts competition and diverts national resources into dishonest officials’ offshore accounts. But the cost and complexity of investigations are spiraling beyond what is reasonable, fed by a hungry "compliance industry" of lawyers who have never seen a local bribery issue that did not call for an exhaustive global review, and by competing prosecutors, who increasingly run overlapping probes in different countries.
To stop a descent into investigative madness, enforcement needs to be reformed in four ways. First, regulators should rein in the excesses of the compliance industry and take into account the cost to firms of sprawling investigations. When firms admit to having uncovered bribery among their managers, regulators expect them to investigate themselves. The authorities should tell them what level of investigation they want so that companies
are not overzealous out of fear of seeming evasive
. This is slowly starting to happen, with officials telling firms they should not "aimlessly boil the ocean."
Second, governments should lower costs by harmonizing anti-bribery laws and improving co-ordination between national probes. The OECD, whose anti-bribery convention has gained wide acceptance, is the natural body to lead this effort.
Third, more cases should go to court. Too often, prosecutors force firms to agree to settlements based on controversial legal theories. Taking such matters to court would have the advantage of establishing clear precedents. When firms are reluctant to go to trial, because they are worried about the financial costs of a criminal charge, the terms of settlements should at least undergo more judicial scrutiny.
Lastly, anti-bribery laws should be amended to offer companies a "compliance defense." If firms can show that they had sound anti-bribery policies, that they were making reasonable efforts to uphold them, that the wrongdoing did not involve senior managers and that they came forward to the authorities promptly, the penalties should be greatly reduced.
Corrosive as bribery is, the response must be proportionate. Investigations that drag on are a waste of management and public resources. The starting-point for up to half of all cases is a firm’s voluntary disclosure, but if costs continue to rise then firms may be more tempted to bury their bad news. Anti-corruption campaigners would have nothing to cheer if the cure ended up being more harmful than the disease.
Other ways to reform enforcement include the following EXCEPT_______.
选项
A、settling more bribery cases in court
B、enhancing related laws and coordination
C、greatly increasing penalties to companies
D、granting companies a compliance defense
答案
C
解析
文章作者建议的第二项改革措施是lower costs by harmonizing anti-bribery laws and improving co-ordination(使反腐法律一致并加强协调),第三项措施是more cases should go to court(由法院裁决),最后一项是offer companies a“compliance defense”(为自己辩护的机会)…the penalties should be greatly reduced。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/yFHO777K
0
研究生英语学位课统考(GET)
相关试题推荐
Asyoureadthis,nearly80,000Americansarewaitingforanewheart,kidneyorsomeotherorganthatcouldsavetheirlife.T
Asyoureadthis,nearly80,000Americansarewaitingforanewheart,kidneyorsomeotherorganthatcouldsavetheirlife.T
Asyoureadthis,nearly80,000Americansarewaitingforanewheart,kidneyorsomeotherorganthatcouldsavetheirlife.T
Drinkingwastewater?Theideamaysounddistasteful,butnewfederallyfundedresearchsaysmoreAmericansaredoingso—whethe
Arapidmeansoflong-distancetransportationbecameanecessityfortheUnitedStatesassettlementspreadeverfartherwestwar
Inspiteof"endlesstalkofdifference",Americansocietyisanamazingmachineforhomogenizingpeople.Thereis"thedemoc
随机试题
阅读《伊利亚特》的下列节选片断,参考两个提示写一篇不少于450字的短文。提示:(1)分析荷马对于特洛伊战争的态度及对交战双方两个主要英雄的看法。(2)结合选文论述荷马史诗的基本艺术特征。要求:主要围绕所给的材料和提示进行综合分析,不能分别回答问题。
由于洪水灾害的影响,我省远途铁路交通运输曾_______中断。[一段时间]
亦雅亦俗汪曾祺黄波①买到汪曾祺的两本小书,都是山东画报出版社在汪氏逝世后出版的,一为《文与画》,收录其关于国画的文字,并配有他自作的画;二为《五味》,均为谈吃的美文。其实汪氏小说集散文集舍中均
患者,男性,40岁。饱餐后突发中上腹剧痛,呈撕裂样,迅速波及全腹10小时来诊。既往高血压病15年,血压控制不理想。“胃病”2年,未规律诊治。查体:急性病容,腹肌强直,肠鸣音未闻及,WBC11×109/L。则最可能的诊断为
诊断下肢大隐静脉曲张最可靠的依据是
在生产环境中,加热金属、熔融玻璃及强发光体等可成为()辐射源。
Ⅲ级火灾风险的风险等级特征表现在()。
甲公司与A公司2016年度有关资料如下:(1)甲公司2016年1月1日发行股票10000万股取得A公司70%的股权,并能够对A公司实施控制。甲公司普通股股票每股面值为1元,发行日每股市价为2.95元,甲公司另支付发行费用500万元。甲公司对A公司投资前所
产业发展是农民增收致富的基础,由于各地情况不同,农业产业化的具体方式和途径应该()。
目前,以“文化﹢科技”“文化﹢金融”“文化﹢创意”等为代表的融合模式,已经得到广泛应用。“文化﹢科技”,主要是促使高新技术成果向文化领域转化应用,强化文化对信息产业的内容支撑和创意提升。“文化﹢金融”,重在引导各类社会资本投资文化领域,利用互联网金融模式,
最新回复
(
0
)