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  3. 【F1】A tiny number of people in the world carry genetic mutations that were thought to guarantee the development of severe childh

【F1】A tiny number of people in the world carry genetic mutations that were thought to guarantee the development of severe childh

admin2019-08-08  31
问题    【F1】A tiny number of people in the world carry genetic mutations that were thought to guarantee the development of severe childhood diseases, but these people do not actually have these diseases, according to a new study.
   In the study, researchers looked at the genetic data from more than half a million people from around the world. The scientists found 13 adults who carried the exact genetic mutations that cause diseases such as cystic fibrosis, which severely affects the lungs and digestive system, or a condition called Pfeiffer syndrome, which affects the bones of the skull. But despite the mutations, these adults had not developed these diseases.
   【F2】The results may be the first step toward identifying ways to prevent other people who also have these mutations from developing such diseases.
   The idea of the new research was, "study the healthy, don’t just study the sick," said Stephen Friend, a co-author of the study and a researcher at Sage Bionetworks in Seattle. In the study, the researchers looked at the genetic data of about 589,000 people. The information came from 12 previously collected data sets. 【F3】The researchers said they wanted to see if, among these people, there were any individuals who remained healthy despite carrying certain genetic mutations linked to severe childhood disorders.
   The researchers focused on diseases that are caused by mutations in a single gene, and have severe symptoms that generally show up early in childhood. In their search, the investigators found three adults who did not have cystic fibrosis, despite having mutations on both copies of the CFTR gene, which normally causes the condition, according to the study.
   The researchers said they don’t know for sure exactly why these people failed to develop the diseases that they seemed genetically destined for. 【F4】However, one possibility is that these individuals also have other genes that somehow suppress these disease-causing mutations, preventing these people from getting sick, said study co-author Rong Chen.
   The researchers noted the study had limitations. For example, the investigators said they were not able to contact the 13 people identified in the study, because the researchers did not have the means to obtain consent from the people to do so. 【F5】This means the scientists were not able to interview the individuals, physically examine them or verify the accuracy of the genetic information that the researchers got from the previously collected data sets. It is therefore not possible to determine with certainty that these people are truly resistant to these diseases without further information, the researchers said.
【F5】
选项
答案这意味着科学家们无法进行个体采访，给他们做身体检查，或者审核先前所获取的基因信息的准确性。
解析 ①本句是复合句，主句主干为This means．．．，表示“这意味着……”，This指代前一句提到的“他们无法联系到参与研究的13名受试者”，means的宾语由省略引导词的从句充当。②宾语从句包含3个并列的谓宾结构(interview the individuals，examine them，verify the accuracy)，表明无法联系到参与研究的13名受试者意味着没法做的三件事。③Chat引导定语从句，修饰先行词genetic information，说明此类基因信息的特点。
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