2. 外语
  3. Human progress is greatly accelerated by the use of language in cultural transmission; the knowledge and experience acquired by

Human progress is greatly accelerated by the use of language in cultural transmission; the knowledge and experience acquired by

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问题     Human progress is greatly accelerated by the use of language in cultural transmission; the knowledge and experience acquired by a particular person can be passed on to another in language, so that no amount of demonstration can replace the role of language. In this connection the importance of the invention of printing can never be exaggerated. At the present time the achievements of anyone in any part of the world can be made available and accessible to anyone else able to read and capable of understanding what is involved. From these uses of language, spoken and written, the most developed animal communication system, though given the courtesy title of language, is worlds away.
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答案语言用于文化传播极大地加速了人类的进步。任何一个人积累的知识和经验都可通过语言传给另一人，结果是，再多的演示(示范)也无法取代语言的作用。从此意义上说，发明印刷术的重要性不论怎样夸大都不过分。目前，只要有文化并理解涉及的内容，任何人都能得到和利用世界任何地方的任何成就。最发达的动物交流系统尽管被授予语言的雅号，但同使用口头或笔头语言相比，也有天壤之别。
解析     1．第一句中的in cultural transmission说明use的用途，最好不要翻译为“在文化传播当中，人类的进步因使用语言而得到加速”。a particular person的含义不是“一个特殊的人”，而是“某一个人”。
    2．no amount of...can...是个很有用的句型，含义是“再多的……也不能”或“不论怎样……都不能”，如no amount of persuasion can change her mind。
    3．...can never...too...是个常见的句型，但can never也可接overestimate exaggerate enough等词表示“无论如何……都不算是”，如You can never learn enough．(学东西再多也不够用)。
    4．第三句不仅长，而且结构复杂，不容易理解，很多同学考试时未能理解句子的结构，结果错译。句子的主语是achievements，谓语是be made，而available and accessible是宾补，主动形式就是make achievements available and accessible。后面的to anyone接available and accessible，含义是“某人可以利用……”。able to read and capable of understanding...为平行结构，作为定语修饰前面的anyone else，意义是“任何能……的人”。what is involved和含义是“涉及……的内容”。
    5．最后一句的句子结构更复杂，大多数同学未能发现词与词之间的关系，结果是近几年统考中翻译得最惨的一句话。有的把from these uses of language翻译为 “从语言的这些使用当中”，还有甚者把...is worlds away翻译成“世界消失”。实际上，这是个倒装句，正常词序是the most developed animal communication system, though given the courtesy title of language, is worlds away from these uses of language, spoken or written。既然be far away from...是“离……很远”，那么be worlds away就是“相差几个世界”。句中spoken or written修饰language，表示“不论”，此用法可参考下面的汉译英说明。
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