清朝是中国的最后一个封建王朝。它由满族人(Manchus)建立,是中国历史上第二个由非汉族人创建的统一王朝。满族人以前也被称为女真(Jurchen),他们居住在明朝境内东北部、长城关外。在努尔哈赤(Nurhaci)统一女真各部落并建立了一个独立的部落之后,

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问题 清朝是中国的最后一个封建王朝。它由满族人(Manchus)建立,是中国历史上第二个由非汉族人创建的统一王朝。满族人以前也被称为女真(Jurchen),他们居住在明朝境内东北部、长城关外。在努尔哈赤(Nurhaci)统一女真各部落并建立了一个独立的部落之后,他们成为了明朝晚期的主要威胁。满族人联合明朝的将军吴三桂打下了北京,并将其作为清朝的首都。在这之后他们继续南下剿灭(subdue)明朝的残余反抗势力。在满族征战中国的过程(1618—1683)中,总共造成了 2500万人丧生。

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答案The Qing Dynasty was the last imperial dynasty in China. Founded by the Manchus, it was the second non-Han Chinese dynasty that ruled the whole country. The Manchus were formerly known as Jurchen, residing in the northeastern part of the Ming territory outside the Great Wall. They emerged as the major threat to the late Ming Dynasty after Nurhaci had united all Jurchen tribes and established an independent one. The Manchu allied with the Ming Dynasty general Wu Sangui to seize Beijing, which was made the capital of the Qing Dynasty, and then proceeded to subdue the remaining Ming’s resistance in the south.

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