首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
France in the Twentieth Century I. France in World War I 1914: Germany declared war on France and【T1】______【T1】______ Th
France in the Twentieth Century I. France in World War I 1914: Germany declared war on France and【T1】______【T1】______ Th
admin
2017-12-07
80
问题
France in the Twentieth Century
I. France in World War I
1914: Germany declared war on France and【T1】______【T1】______
The Allies won the battle of Verdun, but 700,000 lives were lost
【T2】______: the Germans surrendered【T2】______
II. Post-World War I France
The 1920’s: brimming with【T3】______, including British【T3】______
and American expatriates
The early 1930’s: the worldwide【T4】______【T4】______
III. France in World War II
1939: Britain and France were forced to declare war on Germany
with German’s【T5】_____ into Poland【T5】______
1940:
- The French Army collapsed, and Paris was taken without a fight
- France was divided into an occupied zone and an unoccupied zone
- General Charles de Gaulle organized a government【T6】______【T6】______
to support the resistance effort
【T7】______: German troops marched into the unoccupied zone【T7】______
June 6, 1944: The Allies finally landed on the beaches of Normandy
1944: The allies entered Paris; French troops entered the city first
IV.【T8】______ France【T8】______
Cities and architectural treasures had been bombed to bits
National pride was shattered by defeat and accusations of【T9】_____【T9】______
Politics:
- Charles de Gaulle returned to power and urged France to adapt to the modern world
- France alienated【T10】______and urged Europeans【T10】______
to create a power bloc
Literature:
- Pessimism of【T11】_____【T11】______
- Le petti Prince
- "Theater of the absurd."
Fashion:
- haute couture was revolutionized
【T12】______【T12】______
- Cannes
V. France after 1968
1968: A series of students and【T13】______riots【T13】______
and a general strike occurred
1969: Charles de Gaulle【T14】_____【T14】______
Mitterrand: most influence on 20th-century French society after de Gaulle
Jacques Chirac: elected in 1995
The Channel Tunnel:
- Continental Europe was linked to Britain
- The road and rail link handles【T15】______of all the traffic【T15】______
between the two countries
【T5】
France in the Twentieth Century
Good morning, everyone. Today we will continue our discussion about French history, particularly French history in the 20th Century. We may divide the 20th century portion of history into five periods: World War I, post-World War I, World War II, post-World War II, and after 1968.
First of all, France in World War I. In 1914, following the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand, heir to the Austrian throne,[1]the German Army declared war on France and quickly invaded. Drawn-out battles in hellish trenches led to devastating losses on both sides. The Allies, namely France, Britain and the United States, won the battle of Verdun, but 700,000 lives were lost.[2]The tide finally turned and the Germans surrendered in 1918, ceding the hotly-contested regions of Alsace and Lorraine back to France. But at what price? It is evidenced by the long lists of names recorded on solemn memorials in every French town.
Paris, on the other hand, emerged from the wreckage of World War I with its customary elan.[3]In the 1920’s, it was a gold mine of literary talent, brimming with British and American expatriates like Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, James Joyce, Henry Miller and Gertrude Stein. Marcel Proust defined the "coming of age novel" with his A la Recherche du temps perdu. Once again, this giddily optimistic period was short-lived.[4]The worldwide economic depression caught up with France in the early 1930’s.
Now, about France in World War II. In this period of time, ominous military build-up began in Germany and Italy.[5]The Germans reclaimed Alsace-Lorraine in 1936, and invaded Poland in 1939. Because Britain and France had treaties with Poland, they were forced to declare war on Germany. France was overconfident of its famed Maginot Line, a fortified wall stretching across Alsace-Lorraine; the Germans approached from Belgium, surrounded it and seized it handily. In 1940, the French Army collapsed, and Paris was taken without a fight. The country was divided into an occupied zone and an unoccupied zone, with its seat of government in Vichy. A famous World War I general, Henri Philippe Petain, was made leader, and the Vichy government was later judged to have collaborated with the Nazis. General Charles de Gaulle, the Under-secretary of State for National Defense, had fled to London.[6]He organized a government in exile to support the Free French in their resistance effort.[7]When the Allies landed in French North Africa in 1942, German troops marched into the unoccupied zone. Two long years later, the Allies finally got a foothold on the beaches of Normandy, June 6, 1944, and entered Paris in 1944. Allied commander Dwight Eisenhower very diplomatically allowed French troops to enter the city first, to riotous cheers, heartfelt embraces, and unashamed tears.
[8]Fourthly, about Post-War France. France’s position in 1945 was more tenuous than it had been for centuries. Its cities and architectural treasures had been bombed to bits by both the Germans and the Allies.[9]Its national pride was shattered by defeat and accusations of collaboration. In a world now dominated by the United States and the Soviet Union, where did France fit in? Immediately after the war, thousands of suspected collaborators were executed. Former colonies like Indochina and Algeria were deemed too troublesome and divested. Charles de Gaulle returned to power and urged France to "marry the century" and adapt to the modern world.[10]Alienating his wartime Allies—Britain, Russia and the U.S.—he urged Europeans to stick together and create a power bloc. French culture underwent yet another resurgence,[11]led by the chic pessimism of existentialist philosophers Jean-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus. Antoine de Saint-Exupery’s Le petit Prince depicted a world without poetry and love. Playwrights Samuel Beckett and Eugene Ionesco pioneered the "theater of the absurd." Clothing designers Chanel, Dior, St. Laurent, Givenchy and other designers revolutionized haute couture in the postwar years.[12]France’s importance in European and world cinema is evidenced by the International Film Festival in Cannes each year.
De Gaulle held onto power for 10 years after having installed the V Republic in 1958. That marked the fifth period of modern France.[13]In 1968, a series of students and leftist riots and a general strike paralyzed the country,[14]and the next year, he stepped down. He was succeeded by his former Prime Minister George Pompidou. Subsequent elections swung between rightists and leftists. After de Gaulle, Mitterrand has had the most influence on 20th-century French society. He declared, "Visitors will come to see the Paris of architecture, sculpture, museums and gardens; a city open to imagination, ideas and youth" The conservative, Jacques Chirac, ex-mayor of Paris, was elected in 1995 and finished his second term in 2007.
But another Mitterrand project changed forever the relationship of France and England. With British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, Mitterrand agreed to create one of the 20th century’s grandest engineering projects: the Channel Tunnel. When French and British construction workers met beneath the English Channel in 1990, Continental Europe was linked to Britain for the first time in 7,000 years.[15]Today, the road and rail link handles one third of all the traffic between the two countries. Although leaders like de Gaulle, Pompidou, Giscard, Mitterrand and Chirac were wildly different, France has continued to function with continuity and minimal turmoil. The system of cohabitation—overlapping terms of office of a president and a premier from opposing political camps—seems to give French government the checks and balances it needs. France continues to both impress and confound the rest of the world, just as it always has!
OK. With this background, you should understand the chain of events and the artistic and architectural trends that accompanied historic events in France. As you visit monuments and museums during our orientation program next week, we hope that having this background will help you enjoy more fully your cross-cultural experience in France.
选项
答案
invasion
解析
1936年,德军占领了法国的阿尔萨斯一洛林,并于1939年入侵波兰。本题的答案为invasion。本题考查的是将invade转化为invasion。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/yusK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Whileattendingahighereducationsystemoffersmanypositives,italsoofferscertainnegatives.Onenegativeisthefacthigh
Inacertaincitytherelivedaphysicianwhosoldyellowpaint.Thiswasofsosingularavirtuethatwhosowasbedaubedwithi
Therelationshipbetweenlanguageandgenderhaslongbeenofinterestwithinsociolinguisticsandrelateddisciplines.Early2
Therelationshipbetweenlanguageandgenderhaslongbeenofinterestwithinsociolinguisticsandrelateddisciplines.Early2
UrsulaVonDerLeyen,Germany’slabourminister,likestopointoutthatthetwoEuropeanUnioncountrieswiththelowestunempl
Thefirstmoderndigitalcomputersweredevelopedinthe1940sformilitarypurposesthataroseduringWorldWarII.Thesecomp
Languagepervadessociallife.Itistheprincipalvehicleforthetransmissionofculturalknowledge,andtheprimarymeansby
OftheFrenchwritersofromanceofthelatterpartofthenineteenthcenturynoonemadeareputationasquicklyasdidGuyde
随机试题
以下口腔恶性肿瘤中最易发生颈淋巴结转移的是
[2003年第13题]下列产品的单价(元/台),哪一种最贵?
根据《首批重点监管的危险化学品名录》中,标准状况下是一种易燃的酸性气体,无色,低浓度时有臭鸡蛋气味,浓度极低时便有硫黄味,有剧毒的气体是()。
下列项目属于借款费用的有()。
下列对格式条款合同的理解中,错误的是()。
河北雄安新区地处京津冀腹地,目前我国正着力将其打造成一个紧密联系、有机协同的城市建设典范。它对于集中疏解北京非首都功能,探索人口经济密集地区优化开发新模式,调整优化京津冀城市布局和空间结构,培育创新驱动发展新引擎,具有重大的现实意义和深远的历史意义。建设雄
根据以下资料,回答下列问题。2010年安徽六大主导产业产值13376亿元,比2005年增加10248.9亿元,“十一五”年均增速达33.7%。2011年,六大主导产业产值18395.2亿元,比上年增加5019.2亿元,占全省规模以上工业产值的比
0,1,2,5,12,()。
A工程队的效率是B工程队的2倍,某工程交给两队共同完成需要6天。如果两队的工作效率均提高一倍,且B队中途休息了1天,问要保证工程按原来的时间完成,A队中途最多可以休息几天?
面向对象方法中,继承是指
最新回复
(
0
)