A、An unreasonable fear. B、A dangerous event. C、A small probability. D、A risk-assessing ability. A定义题。问题是phobia的定义。访谈中女士说“I didn’

W: Hello and welcome to today’s program. I’m Alice...
   M: ... and I’m Jack. Hello.
   W: Hello, Jack. You’re off on holiday tomorrow, aren’t you?
   M: I am and you know, and I’m dreading it. I hate flying!
   W: Do you? I didn’t know you had a phobia—and that means a strong and unreasonable fear of something.
   M: Well, I don’t think this is a phobia because it isn’t unreasonable. Flying thousands of feet up in the sky, you know, that’s not safe!
   W: Flying is safer than you think, Jack. It’s much riskier to drive or cycle to work. And, actually, risk taking is the subject of today’s show! Risk means the chances of something bad happening. For example, did you know that your chance of being knocked off your bicycle and killed during a one-mile journey is the same as your chances of winning the lottery?
   M: I didn’t know that.
   W: Can you guess what are the chances of either of these two things happening?
   M: I have no idea. 1 in a million?
   W: No, it’s 1 in 14 million. You are as likely to win the national lottery from a single ticket as you are to be knocked off your bicycle and killed during a one-mile journey.
   M: But why are we bad at assessing risk?
   W: People typically fear anything which is small probability but it’s extremely catastrophic if it were to happen. Recently we have another increase in these birds’ virus outbreaks. People read about that. And they may pay a lot of attention to that in the news but they may forget to get their flu shot.
   M: That’s right. We tend to worry about big or catastrophic events such as catching bird flu or dying in a plane crash because we react emotionally to them.
   W: Catastrophic events feel like very real threats, while we tend to forget about the small but chronic risks that become more likely over time.
   M: We do. So for example, what if there was a cigarette that killed you as soon as you smoked it? Nobody would do that, would they?
   W: No, they wouldn’t.
   M: But plenty of people are happy to smoke for years, and put off worrying about the health risks for the future.
   W: Yes, that’s a good point, Jack! People feel they are in control of risks that stretch overtime. You know, they think, "I could stop tomorrow" or "I could smoke less". But what about people who really enjoy taking big risks, those thrill seekers out there?
   M: People who enjoy extreme sports actually seek out danger—it gives them extreme pleasure! If the risk is really high, it means that the pleasure needs to be equally high. Or hopefully even higher.
   W: You’re right.
   Questions 6 to 10 are based on Conversation Two.
   Question6
   According to Alice, what is a phobia?
   (pause: 10 seconds)
   Question7
   What are the chances of getting knocked off one’s bicycle and killed in a one-mile journey?
   (pause: 10 seconds)
   Question8
   What kind of event do people tend to worry about?
   (pause: 10 seconds)
   Question9
   Which may involve a chronic risk?
   (pause: 10 seconds)
   Question 10
   Why do some people enjoy risks?
   (pause: 10 seconds)