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  3. The United States boasts the best public universities in the world. No young person should be turned away because they were born

The United States boasts the best public universities in the world. No young person should be turned away because they were born

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问题    The United States boasts the best public universities in the world. No young person should be turned away because they were born into a family without enough money for tuition: nor should getting a degree consign(交付；委托)a person to decades of crippling debt. For the sake of fairness, class mobility, and the ideal of equality of opportunity, I believe generous financial aid should be available to all needy students for whom a four-year degree is the best way to achieve the American dream.
   But I also know America is overwhelmingly led by people with college degrees and white collar backgrounds—people who overvalue their own path to success and rig the system against others who’d thrive under a different approach. Our elites are too often blind to the value of education that is received away from college, whether through apprenticeships or vocational schools or on-the-job training. They don’t always understand that there are lots of blue-collar jobs that are more fulfilling, better paying, and more in demand than lots of white-collar jobs. And they are blind to the wisdom in cultural enclaves where a young person is not considered "culturally competent" until knowing how to perform CPR, help a stranger change a flat, or work alongside people from different social classes without taking offense when their etiquette is different than the etiquette at UCLA or Berkeley.
   So rather than promising free tuition, I have a more inclusive proposal: No matter your race or class or gender, you should be able to afford a degree from a public university without crippling debt if that path best maximizes your potential: and we should all value the important work being done at universities.
   The future I want to see begins with redoubling America’s efforts at civic education in high school. Everyone with a high-school diploma should have learned all the tools they need to meaningfully participate as citizens in America’s government-by-the-people. In fact, adults who want to study American civics now should have that opportunity.
   Next, for everyone who earns their diploma or GED, I propose financial aid for college or for an alternative investment in education that will help them toward any career that they choose, so long as they demonstrate that they’re making an informed decision. Yes, we’ll need to be watchful to fraudsters(行骗者)eager to get a piece of that money without offering valuable knowledge in return. But the problem will be no greater than under the status quo, when so much of the money that flows to public universities is wasted on administrative expansion and luxurious campus installations.
   Finally, so that those who pursue routes other than four-year colleges are treated more fairly, I propose legal reforms to eliminate obstacles like professional-licensing requirements that amount to no more than credentialism(文凭至上主义), and a shift away from insisting on a bachelor’s degree for jobs that shouldn’t require one.
According to the author, what may be the problem of the elites?
选项 A、They are not open-minded enough.
B、They misunderstand the job market.
C、They scorn people of lower classes.
D、They can’t adapt to the multi-culture.
答案A
解析 事实细节题。本题考查作者对社会精英的分析。定位段对掌控美国社会的精英们进行了剖析，指出他们对自己的成功之路太过看重，因而在教育发展、职业选择、社会文化内容的理解方面都局限于将自己的价值观作为判断依据，可见作者认为他们的眼界不够开阔，故答案为A)。B)“他们错误地理解了劳动力市场”，认为白领工作一定优于蓝领工作，是社会精英的一种偏见，但这不能完全代表对劳动力市场的误解，故排除；C)“他们瞧不起社会阶层较低的民众”，原文并没有明确说明这些社会精英的阶层和等级观念，故排除；D)“他们不能适应多元文化”，虽然作者在该段最后一句提到了文化包容性的问题，但是这不能用于概括作者对社会精英阶层的整体看法，故排除。
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