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The importance of biodiversity is being increasingly recognised as more species come under threat. What can be done to maintain

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问题     The importance of biodiversity is being increasingly recognised as more species come under threat. What can be done to maintain biodiversity?
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答案 As natural resources come under increasing pressure, the list of endangered plants and animals continues to grow. The causes are many: developments in agriculture, mining, forestry and transport. Some would argue that the loss of biodiversity is a price we must pay for progress. In my view, however, there is much that governments can and should do to protect the world’s plants and animals. Governments could promote greater understanding of plants and animals by investing in the research and preservation efforts of universities, zoos and botanical institutes. This may ensure the survival of individual species and produce tangible benefits in the form of new medicines and products. However, this strategy alone would do little to protect whole ecosystems that are under threat. An alternative strategy would be to protect natural habitats by expanding nature reserves. This would have immediate positive consequences for those areas by preserving delicate ecosystems. However, this strategy also has limitations. It does not protect from phenomena such as acid rain and water pollution, which can cross boundaries and affect large areas. The most effective solution is to limit the damage at source. Companies that engage in practices that harm the environment should be required to demonstrate that they have taken all reasonable efforts to minimise the damage. Public contracts for roads and buildings should only be awarded to firms that haVe a good environmental track record. The strategies outlined above: preservation, protection and, above all prevention, can do much to reverse the destruction that threatens the world’s plants and animals. The aesthetic and practical benefits of doing so are well worth the cost.
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