首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Municipal bans on smoking in restaurants and bars are highly controversial, but history shows they can also be highly effective.
Municipal bans on smoking in restaurants and bars are highly controversial, but history shows they can also be highly effective.
admin
2022-06-18
77
问题
Municipal
bans on smoking in restaurants and bars are highly controversial, but history shows they can also be highly effective. But are all smoking bans equally successful?
The barkeeper and blogger who writes as "Scribbler50" was outraged when, in 2003, New York City enacted one of the first comprehensive smoking bans in bars and restaurants, "How can a guy and some board just kick us in the teeth like this? This smacks of fascism." If people are aware of the consequences of smoking or visiting places with lots of secondhand smoke, should the government really have to tell us what to do? Won’t people just vote with their feet and smoke even more when they’re at home and away from restrictions?
Scribbler50’s post inspired the physician who blogs as "PalMD" last week to look up the research on the effectiveness of smoking bans. He found several studies showing that not only did workers in restaurants and bars show improved health shortly after the bans were put in place, but smokers themselves also reduced the number of cigarettes they smoked.
Overall, however, smoking rates remain persistently high, despite the common workplace smoking bans. Can other government measures help these smokers live healthier lives, or at least prevent people from taking up the habit?
In the U.S., warning messages have been in place on cigarette packages for decades. But the messages are rather clinical, for example: "Smoking Causes Lung Cancer, Heart Disease, and May Complicate Pregnancy." What if packages contained more dramatic warnings? In January, psychologist and science writer Christian Jarrett looked at a small study of smokers’ reactions to cigarette warnings. The researchers measured self-esteem in student smokers, then showed them cigarette packages with either death-related warnings ("Smokers die earlier") or esteem-related warnings ("Smoking makes you unattractive"). Students who derived self-esteem from smoking and saw the death-related warnings later viewed smoking more positively than those who saw the esteem-related warnings. For students whose smoking wasn’t motivated by self-esteem, the effect was reversed.
So not all anti-smoking messages are equal: Depending on who the message is directed at, a morbid warning on a cigarette label may actually
backfire
.
Scribbler50 for his part, is now a convert favoring smoking restrictions, at least in his narrow limits as a bartender. His patrons who haven’t quit smoking say they smoke a lot less now that they have to go outside to get a nicotine fix. He doesn’t miss emptying ashtrays, or the holier-than-thou customers who complained every time a fellow patron lit up, or working in a smoke-filled bar all night and going home "smelling like you put out a three-alarm".
Would it be right to enact even more restrictions on smoking in the interest of public health? It’s hard to deny that banning smoking in public, indoor spaces has been a huge success. Why not try out some stronger smoking bans? Parents in some areas are already restricted from smoking in cars with children, but I haven’t seen a study that evaluates the success of those measures. Perhaps a state or municipality could try extending the ban to homes, with provisions for studying the results. It’s also possible that stronger measures would be counter-productive, like the stronger warnings on cigarette labels. Maybe we’ll decide that at some level deciding whether or not to smoke should still be an individual choice. Or maybe in a few generations, it won’t be necessary to regulate smoking: There won’t be any smokers left.
What’s the assumption of the author about smoking restriction according to the last paragraph?
选项
A、People can try out some gentler smoking bans.
B、The municipality could try to extend smoking bans to homes.
C、It will not be a personal choice to decide whether or not to smoke.
D、It is still necessary to restrict smoking after several generations.
答案
B
解析
最后一段第5句说到,在结果可评估的情况下,可考虑将禁烟措施延申到家庭领域,故选B“市政当局可以尝试把禁烟令延申到家庭”。A“人们可以尝试更温和的禁烟措施”,最后一段无提及。C“吸烟与否不会是个人选择问题”和倒数第二句的文意相反。D“几代之后,仍有必要禁烟”,作者在最后一句推测可能几代之后就不需要禁烟了,因为没人吸烟了,故排除D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/zHuO777K
本试题收录于:
CATTI三级笔译综合能力题库翻译专业资格(CATTI)分类
0
CATTI三级笔译综合能力
翻译专业资格(CATTI)
相关试题推荐
TheChacoPhenomenonP1:Betweenabout900to1150AD,amysteriousStoneAgeculturearose,flourished,andthenvanishedinth
AlthoughAbotharesimilarinsizeandbehavior,theredsquirrelcanbeidentifiedbyBitscoat,Cwhichisbrighterandredder
MaryPickford,Aanactressknownas"America’sSweetheart,"BwasmostfamousforChisrolesinDfilmssuchasThePoorLittleRi
Howdoestheprofessordevelopthetopicoftheviolinfamily?Choosetwoanswers.
Inanyenvironment______alimittotheresourcesthatareavailableforanyparticularspecies.
Adultsshouldhaveregularphysicalexaminations______havenosignofillness.
Somepeopleprefertoworkforthemselvesorownabusiness.Othersprefertoworkforanemployer.Wouldyouratherbeself-emp
AirPollutionandtheImportanceofTreesAirpollutionisnotapopularsubject,whichiswhylittlenoticehasbeentaken
EcotourismThinkingaboutgoingoffthebeatenpathforyournextvacation?Ifso,youmightbeoneofthemanypeoplewhoa
Someadvancedeconomies,notablyJapanandGermany,faredbetterthanothersduringthe1970sand1980s.
随机试题
钢筋混凝土构件在扭矩作用下,根据扭矩形成原因,可以分为两种类型:一是________;二是协调扭转或称为附加扭转。
除了英语,你最好再学一门外语。
肝功能严重受损时血浆中将呈现含量降低的是
A.气海B.章门C.京门D.期门E.日月肝的募穴是()
甲企业委托乙运输公司将一批新鲜蔬菜从A地运往B地,甲企业按照约定预先支付了运费。新鲜蔬菜运到B地后,乙公司的经理打电话告知司机,由于甲企业尚拖欠乙公司5万元往来款,要求司机不要将新鲜蔬菜交付给甲企业,于是司机将新鲜蔬菜予以留置。下列说法错误的是哪一个?
会计记账法按______记账原理,采用借贷记账法。以______为主体,以______、______为记账符号,以______,______为记账规则。
反对腐败,建设廉洁政治,是党一贯的鲜明政治立场,是人民关注的重大政治问题。这个问题解决不好,就会对党造成致命伤害,甚至()。
李某为了牟利,未经著作权人许可,私自复制了若干部影视作品的VCD,并以批零兼营等方式销售,销售金额为11万元,其中纯利润6万元。李某的行为构成何罪?()
Afamily’sname.
FilmProsellsmillionsofvideocassettesdirectlytoconsumersat$25apiecefora$10profitoneach.However,FilmProislosi
最新回复
(
0
)