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  3. The world wide web began as a platform for information, communication, and entertainment. It’s now emerging as a powerful social

The world wide web began as a platform for information, communication, and entertainment. It’s now emerging as a powerful social

admin2013-08-15  4
问题     The world wide web began as a platform for information, communication, and entertainment. It’s now emerging as a powerful social medium, in which people build communities of new friends with whom they form personal and emotional bonds.【F1】One has to be concerned about this seemingly harmless exercise in networking, however, if these bond with people known only to the imagination—typically anonymous, sometimes misrepresented, and never accountable—interfere with or replace real intimacies, particularly in those who are in a formative stage of social development. Researchers at the Annenberg School Center for the Digital Future at the University of Southern California were taken by surprise when their latest survey found that more than 40 percent of users feel that their online friends are every bit as important to them as their real-life ones.
    【F2】Beyond communities of presumably real people is the Internet game world, in which emotional contacts are made in three-dimensional virtual reality with fantasy people in fantasy places. Cyberpsy-chologists will tell you that such environments can be so real as to be used in therapy to modify behavior. But safety issues are a foremost concern. San Diego physician Mark Wiederhold, editor-in-chief of the medical journal CyberPsychology and Behavior, has been studying how soldiers returning from Iraq with post-traumatic stress disorder fare using programs in which their embodiments wander a virtual Baghdad filled with haunting signals and triggers.【F3】The experience can be so vivid, that it causes strong emotional reactions that might not be brought out in more traditional therapy.
    Little is known about what might be similar safety concerns related to games in which young people create embodiments and interact freely in vivid imaginary worlds, largely unsupervised.【F4】Sometimes the play involves any number oj supercharged violent or objectionable actions against other imaginary bit mans—taken without regret or empathy or personal consequence. To be sure, there is disagreement on the impact of such experiences. Some psychologists argue that they might encourage the behavior in the real world; others that it has no effect and may even be a way to drain off aggressive feelings.
    As Harvard cyber-researcher and psychiatrist Steven Locke acknowledges, we’ve only scratched the surface when it comes to understanding how imaginary experiences that are so vividly realistic might affect brain development in children. We know that real ones do. We also have to consider a broader but more subtle risk.【F5】For some kids, a dependence on virtual human interactions, be they with real or with fantasy people, might influence their evolving social intelligence, affecting whom they trust and how they set expectations, how they deal with both affirmation and rejection, and how they give and receive emotional support.
【F5】
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答案就某些孩子来说，对虚拟人际交往的依赖，无论其对象是真实的还是幻想中的人，都可能会影响到他们正在发展的社会智力，从而影响他们信任对象的选择、期望设定的方式、对待肯定与反对的方式，以及他们对情感支持的施受方式。
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