2. 外语
  3. Searching the Web with Yahoo! Yahoo!, like the Web itself, is too large to be explored entirely link by link. However, with

Searching the Web with Yahoo! Yahoo!, like the Web itself, is too large to be explored entirely link by link. However, with

admin2010-03-26  57
问题                    Searching the Web with Yahoo!
    Yahoo!, like the Web itself, is too large to be explored entirely link by link. However, with over half a million sites divided into more than 25, 000 categories, Yahoo! is both browseable and searchable. Use these two features and you will almost always find something to match your interests.
    You can browse Yahoo! by simply clicking on the various categories listed on each page.
    Search Yahoo! by entering a word (or, a few words) into the search box that appears on every page in the directory. Combine the two strategies and you can "browse and then search" or "search and then browse". Of course, a key question remains: "When should I search Yahoo!?"
    You should search Yahoo! when you are looking for a website and you know its rifle.
    Example: You’re looking for People Magazine online. Instead of browsing through the News and Media category, finding Magazines, and then finding the People Magazine in the alphabetical list, just type "people magazine" into any search box (you don’t need to capitalize the words and you don’t need quotes).
    You should search Yahoo! when you are looking for a specific topic.
    Example: You’re planning a vacation to Australia. Remember that Yahoo! organizes sites into categories, Those categories are organized by topic. "Does Yahoo! have anything on the topic of Australian Travel?" Search. Type in the words "australia travel" (no quotes, no capitals) and see what happens. One of the first results is the category. Regional: Countries: Australia: Recreation and Sports: Travel. Is that the topic you’re after? Yes. Click on it. And remember: if you don’t get results on your first search, modify it and try again: sometimes searching is more of an art than a science.
    You should search Yahoo! when you want to see where in Yahoo! a particular website is listed,
    Example: You love the computer game Myst You’re not really interested in Myst itself, since you’ve already played it for 150 hours, but you are in the market for a similar product. Type "myst’ into any search box. Check the results. Click on the first category. This will take you to the Myst game category, deep within the Yahoo! Hierarchy (等级制度). Now, here’s the cool part: Look at the title of the page "Top: Recreation: Games: Computer Games: Genres: Adventure: Titles: Myst". All the words in that title are hyperlinks except for the last one (because you are already on the Myst page). Click on the next to last word, "Titles." Voila! There is a whole list of computer games in the same type as Myst.
    So, now you know when to search Yahoo!. How about reading a search results page? That can be a tricky task for the uninitiated. Once you get the hang of it, however, it’s not hard to master.
    Inside the Search Machine
    Yahoo! search looks for the following main things:
    Yahoo! categories, websites listed in Yahoo!
    Web pages indexed by Inktomi.
    For the first two of these, Yahoo! searches for matches in its database and then ranks the results in order of most relevant to least relevant. Some of the factors that affect relevancy are: The number of search words matched. The more words matched the higher the rank. Exact word matches. These are ranked higher than approximate matches.
    Where in an entry the search words were found. A match in the title of a site is ranked higher than a match in the comments or URL.
    Getting Results
    The first set of results are Yahoo! categories. Since categories are populated with Yahoo! sites, a Yahoo! category can yield hundreds or even thousands of relevant websites. That’s why we put them first. Of course, if no categories match your search terms, we send you straight to the Yahoo! sites.
    Yahoo! sites are listed with the categories that contain them, That way, you can click on the category above the site to get a whole bunch of related sites. This powerful search strategy is a great way to discover related websites. Again, if Yahoo! doesn’t find any site matches for your search, it goes on to the next set of results.
    The third set of results, a full-text search of the entire Web, is provided by Inktomi, a Yahoo! partner. Inktomi uses what’s called a search engine, and it specializes in indexing every single web page it can find. This gives it a lot of raw data. Search engines provide good results with very specific requests, and often poor results with general requests.
    Even if Yahoo! has found categories and sites that match your search terms, you may still want to check out what Inktomi has to offer. If so, ail you have to do is click the "Web Pages" text at the top of the search results page. The same goes for moving back and forth between categories and sites. Just click on the text links.
    Know Your Options
    If you’ve taken a crack at a couple of searches, and you think you’re ready to move up to the next level, check out the "Search Options" page. Here, you’ll find a number of ways of expanding and/or refining your searches. The settings on this page allow you to control: What type of document you’re looking for, how your search words are related, the range of dates for the resulting sites, the number of results to show per page. The first setting asks you to select "Yahoo!" or "Usenet" or "Email Address". These options are useful if you are interested in searching beyond the Web. Usenet is a huge set of Internet discussion groups that covers everything from bottle caps to biotechnology. It’s a useful place to search for information that may be too obscure (费解的 ) or short-lived to find a permanent home on the Web. The last option allows you to target your search towards email addresses.
    The second setting allows you to establish how the words in your search are related. This option only matters if you are entering multiple words or a phrase. The main distinction is whether your search terms are to be treated as one single phrase or a group of single words, and if it’s the latter, whether the search should only include results that match ail the terms. For the most part, these options are for fine-tuning, since Yahoo!’s default (预设) settings should produce very good results without any help.
    "I Found It!"
    Now that you’re armed with the basics of searching Yahoo!, you’re ready to tackle the Web.
    What you look for is up to you. Of course, if you’d like some practice, take a couple of minutes to track down these items: your hometown newspaper’s website if your name appears anywhere on the Web (hint: use quotes’ around your name) the recipe for rice crispy treats your Senator’s email address.
    Good luck, and happy searching!
    URL
    Just as every person on the Net has a unique email address, every file and page on the Web has a unique URL. The URL is the address of a web page. You can see the URL for the web page you’re on now; look up above the page to the thin white horizontal box. The jumble (杂乱的一堆) of letters there is the URL. The first part of the URL (http) tells the browser it’ s looking for a web page. The rest gives the name of the computer that holds the page (www.yahoo.com), the directory it’s in and the name of the file that makes up the page. You can instantly jump to any page on the Web by typing the page’s URL into the white box. URL stands for "Uniform Resource Locator" and "http" stands for "Hypertext Transfer Protocol".
The number of search words matched is one of the factors that may affect relevancy.
选项 A、Y
B、N
C、NG
答案A
解析
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