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  3. Many runners may be wearing the wrong shoes for their particular stride, according to a new scientific research about running sh

Many runners may be wearing the wrong shoes for their particular stride, according to a new scientific research about running sh

admin2016-01-29  76
问题     Many runners may be wearing the wrong shoes for their particular stride, according to a new scientific research about running shoes and injury risks.
    The study concludes that there is a reliable, scientifically valid way for each of us to pick the right running shoes, but it’s so simple that most of us ignore it.
    The connection between running shoes and running injuries is surprisingly controversial and, from a scientific standpoint, unsettled.
    【C1】______
    The first is whether and how much our foot pronates as we land. Coaches and runners long have believed that over- or under-pronation contributes to the risk of running injuries and should be controlled using particular types of shoes.
    More recently, impact force that we experience with each stride, has also been getting plenty of attention , especially in relation to whether we should wear shoes at all. Some barefoot-running proponents claim that running barefoot or in minimal, slipper-like models somehow changes impacts and substantially reduces the risk for injuries.
    But Benno Nigg and his colleagues were skeptical. One of the world’s foremost experts on biomechanics , Dr. Nigg wondered whether science really supports the idea that the right shoes can alter and fix someone’s running form and lessen injuries. So Dr. Nigg and his colleagues trolled through decades of studies about running injuries, shoes and their relationship.
    【C2】______
    Pronation, for instance, does not seem to be a problem requiring correction. In one large-scale experiment studying pronation, almost 1,000 novice runners, some of whom pronated and some did not, were given the same running shoes and followed for a year.
    At the end of that time, many runners with normal feet had become injured, but a much smaller percentage of those who overpronated had been sidelined.
    【C3】______
    Similarly, they found little evidence that forcefully striking the ground causes injuries or that changing or removing your shoes alters those impacts much anyway.
    【C4】______ . When military recruits were assigned running shoes meant to control their particular level of pronation, those soldiers were as likely, or even more so, to sustain running-related injuries than soldiers given shoes at random.
    But if shoes are chosen for the right reason, they can reduce injuries, Dr. Nigg and his colleagues concluded after parsing all of the relevant studies.
    And the right reason does not involve pronation control or impact forces.
    【C5】______ This conclusion makes scientific and common sense. Our bodies are actually "very good judges" of how each of us should move and run, he said. When we ignore or fight our bodies’ natural movement pattern, the risk of injury rises.
    Instead, he said, we should pay close attention to our body’s opinion about running shoe options.
    "Try on four or five pairs," Dr. Nigg said. "Jog around the store or the block in each. "
    "People can usually tell right away which shoe feels the most comfortable," Dr. Nigg said. "That is the one to choose. "
[A]It soon became clear to the researchers that most of our beliefs about running injuries and shoes are, in fact, myths,
[B]Most of us who run have heard that we should choose our shoes based, for the most part, on two broad technical criteria.
[C]What matters, the researchers conclude in their review, is lightness.
[D]Perhaps most unexpected, running shoes designed to somehow " fix" someone’s running form turned out often to be ineffective and even counter-productive.
[E]After four months, the soldiers wearing the shoes fitted with inserts that felt comfortable to them had a much lower incidence of injury than those wearing standard shoes.
[F]Dr. Nigg and his colleagues write in their review that this finding suggests "that a pronated foot position is, if anything, an advantage with respect to running injuries. "
[G]What matters, the researchers conclude in their review, is comfort.
【C4】
选项
答案D
解析 本段中，研究人员给新兵发放用以控制内翻程度的跑步鞋，但这些鞋不仅没有降低士兵受伤的概率，反而使他们的损伤程度高于穿普通鞋的人。[D]项意为“也许最出人意料的是，为‘改善’跑步姿势而设计的跑步鞋竟然起不到改善的作用，甚至还会适得其反”。该项符合上下文，故选[D]。
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