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  3. Americans are supposed to be mobile and even pushy. Saul Bellow’s Augie March declares, " I am an American ,.. first to knock, f

Americans are supposed to be mobile and even pushy. Saul Bellow’s Augie March declares, " I am an American ,.. first to knock, f

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问题     Americans are supposed to be mobile and even pushy. Saul Bellow’s Augie March declares, " I am an American ,.. first to knock, first admitted. " In "The Grapes of Wrath," young Tom Joad loads up his car with pork snacks and relatives, and the family flees the Oklahoma for California. Along the way, Granma dies, but the Joads keep going.
    But sometime in the past 30 years, someone has hit the brakes and Americans—particularly young Americans—have become risk-averse and sedentary. The likelihood of 20-somethings moving to another state has dropped well over 40 percent since the 1980s, according to calculations based on Census Bureau data. The stuck-at-home mentality hits college-educated Americans as well as those without high school degrees. Even bicycle sales are lower now than they were in 2000. Today’s generation is literally going nowhere.
    An increasing number of teenagers are not even bothering to get their driver’s licenses. Back in the early 1980s, 80 percent of 18-year-olds proudly strutted out of the D. M. V. with new licenses, according to a study by researchers at the University of Michigan’s Transportation Research Institute. By 2008—even before the Great Recession—that number had dropped to 65 percent. Though it’s easy to blame the high cost of cars or gasoline, Comerica Bank’s Automobile Affordability Index shows that it takes fewer weeks of work income to buy a car today than in the early 1980s, and inflation-adjusted gasoline prices didn’t get out of line until a few years ago.
    Perhaps young people are too happy at home checking Facebook. In a study of 15 countries, Michael Sivak, a professor at the University of Michigan’s Transportation Research Institute, found that when young people spent more time on the Internet, they delayed getting their driver’s licenses. "More time on Facebook probably means less time on the road," he said. That may mean safer roads, but it also means
    Generation Y has become Generation Why Bother. The Great Recession and the still weak economy make the trend toward risk aversion worse. Children raised during recessions ultimately take fewer risks with their investments and their jobs. Even when the recession passes, they don’t strive as hard to find new jobs, and they hang on to lousy jobs longer. Research by the economist Lisa B. Kahn of the Yale School of Management shows that those who graduated from college during a poor economy experienced a relative wage loss even 15 years after entering the work force.
    In the mid-70s, back when every high school kid longed for his driver’s license and a chance to hit the road and find freedom, Bruce Springsteen wrote his brilliant, exciting album "Born to Run. " A generation later, as kids began to hunker down, Mr. Springsteen wrote his depressing "The Ghost of Tom Joad. " We need to reward and encourage forward movement, not slouching. That may sound harsh, but do we really want to turn into a country where young Americans can’t even recognize the courage of Tom Joad?
The point the author wants to make in Paragraph 5 is that______.
选项 A、weak economy plays a part in the formation of a less mobile society
B、the effect of economic crisis lingers longer than people have expected
C、a less ambitious generation may result in a less vibrant economy
D、some effects of economic crisis may be too subtle to recognize
答案A
解析 本题主要考查第五段表达的中心思想。第五段第二句话就提到，疲软不振的经济形势令规避风险的趋势愈演愈烈(The Great Recession and the still weak economy make the trend toward risk aversion worse．)，就是疲软的经济影响了年轻人出去闯荡的野心。第五段中剩下的几句话都是在具体阐述经济危机是如何影响年轻人的择业倾向的。在经济衰退中成长起来的孩子倾向于选择风险较小的投资和工作。即便在衰退期结束后，他们也不会奋起寻觅新工作，而是在一份无味的工作上打发时光。作者论述经济危机对年轻人的择业倾向的影响，归根结底还是想要分析经济危机对年轻人不再愿意走出家乡出外闯荡的现象的影响，因此[A]为正确答案。[B]只涉及了第五段中提到的一个细节，并不足以概括主旨大意。耶鲁大学管理学院的经济学家丽莎.B．卡恩进行的一项研究表明，即便在入职15年之后，经济恶化时期毕业的大学生的工资仍然处于相对较低的水平。[C]颠倒了作者在这一段中想要表达的因果关系，作者在这一段中主要关心经济危机对年轻人的抱负的影响，而不是反过来分析年轻人流动性降低对于经济活力的影响。虽然两者很有可能互为因果，但是我们需要就文本的含义做出判断。[D]错误，经济危机的影响十分明显，而不是像该选项中所说过于细微。
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