Education is the harmonious development of all our faculties. It begins in the nursery, and goes on at school, but does not end

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问题 Education is the harmonious development of all our faculties. It begins in the nursery, and goes on at school, but does not end there. It continues through life, whether we will or not. The only question is whether what we learn in after-life is wisely chosen or picked up haphazard. " Every person," says Gibbon , " has two educations, one which he receives from others, and one more important, which he gives himself. " What we teach ourselves must indeed always be more useful than what we learn of others. " Nobody," said Locke, " ever went far in knowledge, or became eminent in any of the Science, by the discipline and restraint of a Master.
Those who have not distinguished themselves at school need not on that account be discouraged. The greatest minds do not necessarily ripen the quickest. If, indeed, you have not taken pains, then, though I will not say that you should be discouraged, still you should be ashamed; but if you have done your best, you have only to persevere; for many of those who have never been able to distinguish themselves at school, have been very successful in after-life. We are told that Wellington and Napoleon were both dull boys, and the same is said to have been the case with Newton, Swift, Scott, and many other eminent men. Evidently then it does not follow that those who have distinguished themselves least at school have benefited least.

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答案 教育,即我们所有天资的和谐发展。它始于幼稚园,续之于学校,但并不止于学校。不管我们愿意与否,教育都会贯穿我们的一生。唯一的问题在于我们后半生所学是出于明智之选择,还是出于偶然之所获。历史学家爱德华?吉本说:“每个人都会接受两种教育,一种受教于人,一种受教于己,而后一种教育更为重要。”较之受教于人所得的收获,自我教育之收获肯定总是更有裨益。哲学家约翰?洛克就曾说: “仅凭老师的调教和约束,还不曾有人在学问上大有作为,或在某科学领域超凡出众。” 在学校未崭露头角者不必因此而气馁。最具才智者未必就该最早成熟。当然,如果你并未努力,虽然我不会说你应该自馁,但你自己应该感到惭愧;不过,若是你已经竭尽全力,那你只需要持之以恒;须知有众多在校时无法出类拔萃者,其后半生都大获成功。我们知悉,威灵顿公爵和拿破仑皇帝上学时都笨头笨脑,据说其他许多杰出人物念书时也同样愚钝,如科学家牛顿、讽刺作家斯威夫特、诗人及小说家司各特等。由此可见,学业平庸并非老大无成之必然结果。

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