首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A. D, the Byzantine Empire staged an almost un- paralleled economic and cultural reviv
Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A. D, the Byzantine Empire staged an almost un- paralleled economic and cultural reviv
admin
2010-07-06
61
问题
Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A. D, the Byzantine Empire staged an almost un- paralleled economic and cultural revival, a recovery that is all the more striking because it followed a long period of severe internal decline. By the early eighth century, the empire had lost roughly two thirds of the territory it had possessed in the year 600, and its remaining area was being raided by Arabs and Bulgarians, who at times threatened to take Constantinople and extinguish the empire altogether. The wealth of the state and its subjects was greatly diminished and artistic and literary production had virtually ceased. By the early eleventh century, however, the empire had regained al- most half of its lost possessions, its new frontiers were secure, and its influence extended far beyond its borders. The economy had recovered, the treasury was full, and art and scholarship had advanced.
To consider the Byzantine military, cultural, and economic advances as differentiated aspects of a single phenomenon is reasonable. After all, these three forms of progress have gone together in a number of states and civilizations. Rome under Augustus and fifth-century Athens provide the most obvious examples in antiquity.
Moreover, an examination of the apparent sequential connections among military, economic, and cultural forms of progress might help explain the dynamics of historical change. The common explanation of these apparent connections in the case of Byzantium would run like this: when the empire had turned back enemy raids on its own territory and had begun to raid and conquer enemy territory, Byzantine resources naturally expanded and more money became available to patronize art and literature. Therefore, Byzantine military achievements led to economic advances, which in turn led to cultural revival.
No doubt this hypothetical pattern did apply at times during the course of the recovery. Yet it is not clear that military advances invariably came first. Economic advances second and intellectual advances third. In the 860’s the Byzantine Empire began to recover from Arab incursions so that by 872 the military balance with the Abbasid Caliphate had been permanently altered in the empire’s favor. The beginning of the empire’s economic revival, however, can be placed between 810 and 830. Finally, the Byzantine revival of learning appears to have begun even earlier. A number of notable scholars and writers appeared by 788 and, by the last decade of the eighth century, a cultural revival was in full bloom, a revival that lasted until the fall of Constantinople in 1453. Thus the commonly expected order of military revival followed by economic and then by cultural recovery was reversed in Byzantium. In fact, the revival of Byzantine learning may itself have influenced the subsequent economic and military expansion.
According to the author, "The common explanation" of connections between economic, military, and cultural development is______.
选项
A、revolutionary and too new to have been applied to the history of the Byzantine Empire.
B、not applicable to the Byzantine revival as a whole, but does perhaps accurately describe limited periods during the revival.
C、equally applicable to the Byzantine case as a whole and to the history of military, economic, and cultural advances in ancient Greece and Rome.
D、essentially not helpful, because military, economic, and cultural advances are part of a single phenomenon.
答案
B
解析
本题是一个细节题。考生在理解文章意思的基础上对内容进行提炼。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/3MDd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
ThepagesoftheHarvardBusinessReviewarenotusuallypopulatedbynovelists.ButJosephFinderisjustsuchararity.Recent
Whatisthefirstjobthemanappliedforrightafterhisuniversitygraduation?ThecompanyemployednotonlyBritishtourgui
DoesthepublisherofDouglasStarr’sexcellentBlood—AnEpicHistoryofMedicineandCommerceactuallyexpecttosellmanycopi
In1935,MaryKaygotmarriedforthefirsttime.MaryKayCosmeticshasbusinessesin37countries.
WhoearnslessintheUnitedStatesthanthoseinmanyindustrializedcountries?WhatistheshortagetheUnitedStateswillfa
Afindinginrecentyearsshowsthatmencannotmanufacturebloodasefficientlyaswomencan.Thismakessurgeryriskierforme
Whenamagazineforhigh-schoolstudentsaskeditsreaderswhatlifewouldbelikeintwentyyears,theysaid:machineswouldbe
Thefamilyinthewesternworldhaschangedgreatlyduringthelasttwocenturies.Beforethenineteenthcentury,families
NewfiguresfromFrance,GermanyandItaly--thethreebiggesteconomiesinthe12-countryEurozone-suggestthecontinent’sec
Australia
随机试题
A公司是美国的一家高科技公司。创立之初,主要开发和销售个人电脑,截至2015年致力于设计、开发和销售消费电子、计算机软件、在线服务和个人计算机。公司采用特殊的标识,而这个标识象征着A公司的企业文化与设计理念:偏执,创新,注重智慧,朝气,富于生命力。这种企业
个人的观念与行为由于群体的引导或压力而向多数人相一致的方向变化的现象指的就是【】
A、环形包扎法B、螺旋形包扎法C、回返形包扎法D、蛇形包扎法E、螺旋返折形包扎法包扎前臂应用()。
该病例中医辨证应为()该病例中医治法应为()
下列不属于公安工作整体上特点的是()。
Excerpt1:Isawatelevisionadvertisementrecentlyforanewproductcalledanairsanitizer.Awomanstoodinherkitchen
关于生产、销售伪劣商品罪,下列选项正确的有
You’vebeenworkingoutregularlyforquiteawhile,butyou’renowherenearyourfitnessgoals.Sonowit’stimeto【C1】______yo
•LookatthenotesaboutthecareerofHarryRobbins.•Someinformationismissing.•YouwillhearapresentationgivenbyHa
A、Americansareverykind.B、Thevarietyofcultureswillbringgreatadvantages.C、AlotofAmericanshavepersonalitytraits.
最新回复
(
0
)