首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Political institutions develop when the complexity of the society reaches the point at which kinship organization can no longer
Political institutions develop when the complexity of the society reaches the point at which kinship organization can no longer
admin
2010-06-11
25
问题
Political institutions develop when the complexity of the society reaches the point at which kinship organization can no longer serve as an adequate mechanism for carrying out the political functions of the society. The following may be identified as political functions: (1) to protect the society from external threats; (2) to insure order in the society; (3) to resolve conflicts within the society, and (4) to allocate resources of the society.
In simple, homogeneous societies there seems to be widespread agreement on the values that underlie solutions to these social requirements. But complexity implies a measure of diversity of interests and values. Consensus cannot be taken for granted, for solutions that benefit one set of interests may have detrimental effects on another. Questions arise to challenge the assumption that there is a common interest and that universally satisfying solutions to problems can be devised: Whose interests need protection from external threats? Whose norms provide the basis for order? Whose interests are served in conflict resolution? Who gets what in resource allocation? Order at which price? Because people at different positions in the social order tend to offer different answers to such questions, choices among alternatives are necessary.
It is obvious, then, that control of the apparatus through which these decisions are made and implemented is of crucial import. The essence of political process is the struggle between individuals and groups with different interests to gain the decision-making power. Power refers to the ability of an individual or group to have its will carried our even in the face of opposition to it. In terms of political functions it means being in a position to determine the answers to questions issuing from social complexity that concern whose interests and values are to be addressed.
Conflict and functional theorists differ in their conceptions of political power. Functionalists assert that only through some concentration of power can collective goals be achieved. They view the state apparatus as a mechanism for accomplishing these positive goals. Conflict theorists, on the other hand, view the state as serving the ruling economic class and see its function as maintaining the dominance of this class.
What is the main topic of this passage?
选项
A、The conception of the political institutions.
B、The difference between conflict and functional theorists.
C、The different positions the people stand in the racial order.
D、The development of political institutions.
答案
A
解析
本文的主要内容是“政治制度”的概念,不是它的发展过程。注意institution 在这里并不是“学校”的意思。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/3XKK777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
【B1】【B9】
Dafterinterviewingbecomecommonpractice【S1】______intheUnitedStates,AmericanjournalistswereteachingEurope
A、Themancanhavehispantsattheendoftheday.B、Cleaningthepantswilltakelongerthanusual.C、Shedoesn’tthinkthest
IsCollegeReallyWorththeMoney?TheRealWorldEsteGriffithhaditallfiguredout.WhenshegraduatedfromtheUniversit
Kunzgaveupsoftwareengineeringmainlybecauseheearnedlessthanthoseinlaworbusinessfielddid.Americans’shortcoming
Kunzgaveupsoftwareengineeringmainlybecauseheearnedlessthanthoseinlaworbusinessfielddid.IfAmericansaren’tco
A、It’soverpriced.B、Itmakespeoplecrazy.C、It’sdifferentfromothercoffeehouses’coffee.D、AllthecoffeeisfromBrazil.
A、Theyhelpeachotherinaway.B、Theyhavenothingtodowitheachother.C、Theydependoneachother.D、Theyhavesomethingt
A、Thebillbecomeslawimmediately.B、Thebillcan’tbecomelawunlessthewholeprocessbeginsagain.C、Lawmakersmustreviewt
A、Theirbehavioursarebecomingmoresimilartoeachother.B、Theworldisgrowingsmaller.C、Wearenotlongerinterestedinea
随机试题
下列关于韦伯定律的说法,不正确的是
下列不属于多级逆流接触萃取的特点是()。
一新生仔犬,初生时活泼健壮,采食母乳后逐渐出现精神沉郁、反应迟钝、喜卧的现象。皮肤及可视黏膜黄染,尿量少而黏稠,血液学检查红细胞数显著减少。导致此病发生的原因是()
囊壁中含有皮肤附件结构的囊肿是()
基金与股票、债券的差异不包括()。
下列销售行为中,应当征收增值税的有()。
教科书的作用主要有()。
在统计中,社会保险税增加对GNP、NNP、NI、PI和DPI这五个总量中哪个总量有影响?为什么?
执行以下程序段后,变量c$的值为aS="VisualBasicProgramming"b$="Quick"c$=b$UCase(Mid$(a$,7,6))RightS(a$,12)
Overtheyears,Disneylandhas【B1】______theunmistakablecharacteristicsofanationalinstitution.Itisa"【B2】______"destina
最新回复
(
0
)