首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Why Minority Students Don’t Graduate from College [A] Barry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College, was justifiably proud of Bo
Why Minority Students Don’t Graduate from College [A] Barry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College, was justifiably proud of Bo
admin
2017-06-27
32
问题
Why Minority Students Don’t Graduate from College
[A] Barry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College, was justifiably proud of Bowdoin’s efforts to recruit minority students. Since 2003 the school has boosted the proportion of so-called under-represented minority students (blacks, Latinos (拉丁美洲人), and Native Americans, about 30 percent of the U.S. population) in entering freshman classes from 8 percent to 13 percent. But Bowdoin has not done quite as well when it comes to actually graduating minorities. While nine out of 10 white students routinely get their diplomas within six years, only seven out of 10 black students made it to graduation day in several recent classes.
[B] The United States once had the highest graduation rate of any nation. Now it stands 10th. For the first time in American history, there is the risk that the rising generation will be less well educated than the previous one. The graduation rate among 25-to 34-year-olds is no better than the rate for the 55-to 64-year-olds who were going to college more than 30 years ago. Studies show that more and more poor and nonwhite students are eager to graduate from college—but their graduation rates fall far short of their dreams. The graduation rates for blacks, Latinos, and Native Americans lag far behind the graduation rates for whites and Asians. As the minority population grows in the United States, low college-graduation rates become a threat to national prosperity.
[C] The problem is noticeable at public universities. In 2007, the University of Wisconsin-Madison—one of the top five or so "public Ivies"—graduated 81 percent of its white students within six years, but only 56 percent of its blacks. At less-selective state schools, the numbers get worse. Community colleges have low graduation rates generally—but rock-bottom rates for minorities. A recent review of California community colleges found that while a third of the Asian students picked up their degrees, only 15 percent of African-Americans did so as well.
[D] Private colleges and universities generally do better, partly because they offer smaller classes and more personal attention. But when it comes to a significant graduation gap, Bowdoin has company. Nearby Colby College logged an 18-point difference between white and black graduates in 2007 and 25 points in 2006. "Higher education has been able to get around this issue for years, particularly the more selective schools, by saying the responsibility is on the individual student," says Pennington of the Gates Foundation. "If they fail, it’s their fault." Some critics blame affirmative action—students admitted with lower test scores and grades from shaky high schools often struggle at top schools. But a bigger problem may be that poor high schools often send their students to colleges for which they are "undermatched": they could get into better, richer schools, but instead go to community colleges and low-rated state schools that lack the resources to help them. Some schools out for profit cynically increase tuitions and count on student loans and federal aid to foot the bill—knowing full well that the students won’t make it. "Colleges know that a lot of kids they take will end up in remedial classes, for which they’ll get no college credit and then they’ll be dismissed," says Amy Wilkins of the Education Trust. "The school gets to keep the money, but the kid leaves with loads of debt and no degree and no ability to get a better job. Colleges are not holding up their end."
[E] A college education is getting ever more expensive. Since 1982 tuitions have been rising at roughly twice the rate of inflation. University administrators insist that most of those hikes are matched by increased scholarship grants or loans, but the recession has decreased private endowments (捐助) and cut into state spending on higher education. In 2008 the net cost of attending a four-year public university equaled 28 percent of median family income, while a four-year private university cost 76 percent of median family income. More and more scholarships are based on scores, not need. Poorer students are not always the best-informed consumers. Often they end up deeply in debt or simply unable to pay after a year or two and must drop out.
[F] There once was a time when universities took an unreasonable pride in their drop-out rates. Professors would begin the year by saying, "Look to the right and look to the left. One of you is not going to be here by the end of the year." But such a Darwinian spirit is beginning to give way as at least a few colleges face up to the graduation gap. At the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the gap has been roughly halved over the last three years. The university has poured resources into peer counseling to help students from inner-city schools adjust to the faster pace of a university classroom, and also to help minority students overcome the stereotype that they are less qualified.
[G] State and federal governments could sharpen that focus everywhere by broadly publishing minority graduation rates. For years private colleges such as Princeton and MIT have had success bringing minorities onto campus in the summer before freshman year to give them a head start on college-level courses. The newer trend is to start recruiting poor and nonwhite students as early as the seventh grade, using new tools like hip-hop competitions to identify kids with sophisticated verbal (语言的) means. Such programs can be expensive, of course, but cheap compared with the millions already invested in scholarships and grants for kids who have little chance to graduate without special support.
[H] With effort and money, the graduation gap can be closed. Washington and Lee is a small, selective school in Virginia. Its student body is less than 5 percent black and less than 2 percent Latino. While the school usually graduated about 90 percent of its whites, the graduation rate of its blacks and Latinos had dipped to 63 percent by 2007. "We went through a dramatic shift," says Dawn Watkins, the vice president for student affairs. The school aggressively pushed mentoring (师徒制) of minorities by other students and "partnering" with parents at a special pre-enrollment session. The school had its first-ever black homecoming. Last spring the school graduated the same proportion of minorities as it did whites. If the United States wants to keep up in the global economic race, it will have to pay systematic attention to graduating minorities, not just enrolling them.
A recent review found that a third of the Asian students managed to graduate from college, while the graduation rate of African-Americans was worse.
选项
答案
C
解析
根据题目中的A recent review和the Asian students定位到C段最后一句。该句提到,近期一份关于洛杉矶社区大学的总结报告表明,1/3的亚洲学生能获得学位,而获得学位的非洲裔美国学生只有15%,由此可以看出非洲裔美国学生的毕业率要低于亚洲学生,题目的意思与此相符,故本题源自C段。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/3Yi7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
Infact,evenwithouthumans,theEarth’sclimatechanges.Someclimatechangeis【C1】______.But,asgreenhousegasesareadded
Aroundtheworldyoungpeoplearespending【B1】______sumsofmoneytolistentorockmusic.ForbesMagazine【B2】______thatatle
Memoryisourmostimportantpossession.Withoutmemory,youwouldn’tknowwhoyouare.Youcouldn’tthinkaboutthepastorpla
A、7:50.B、8:50.C、8:15.D、7:15.D对话中男士说:“真的才7:15?我的手表是8:15。”女士说:“你忘了把表拨回来了。”因此,真实时间是7:15。选D。
Theappealofadvertisingtobuyingmotivescanhaveboth【B1】______andpositiveeffects.Consumersmaybe【B2】______tobuyapr
A、Spendingmoretimeinvisiting.B、Donotvisittheislandanymore.C、Leavetheislandthreedayslater.D、Visitingtheisland
Morethan200artworksbysomeofAmerica’sbestartistshavereturnedhometoamuseuminWashington,D.C.Thepaintingshadb
Youngpeoplelegallybecomeadultsattheageof18.Theycan【B1】______andsigncontracts.Butadulthoodismorethanalegal【B
在春节期间,消费热潮(consumptionboom)达到了顶点。越来越多的人走出家门到餐馆吃年夜饭。在春节前的几个月,很多餐馆就已经被订满了。珠宝店和服装店同样生意兴隆。春节也是娱乐最佳时机。去年春节黄金周期间电影的票房总收入(boxofficer
A、Thedoorwillopenwithjustatouchofthefinger.B、Therefrigeratorcanfigureouthowmuchmilktobuy.C、Therobotcando
随机试题
汽油着火时除采用砂土、泡沫灭火外,还可以采用()扑救。
国内金融债券的发行始于()
除哪项外,其他均为常见的注意障碍
下列不属于民法的调整对象的是()。
《建筑设计防火规范》(GB50016-2006)中,对消防车道穿过建筑物的门洞时,其净高和净宽有明确的规定。下列说法正确的是()。
在口岸检验合格的汽车,由口岸检验检疫机构签发《入境货物检验检疫证明》,并一车一单签发《进口机动车辆随车检验单》。 ( )
中国历史上第一部宪法性文件是清政府颁布的()。
北魏的土地制度是_______,其地方基层的行政组织是_______,赋税制度是_______。
在某次税务检查后,四个工商管理人员有如下结论:甲:所有个体户都没纳税。乙:服装个体户陈老板没纳税。丙:个体户不都没纳税。丁:有的个体户没纳税。如果四个人中只有一人断定属实,那么以下哪项是真的?
ArecentBBCdocumentary,"TheTownThatNeverRetired",soughttoshowtheeffectsof【C1】______thestatepensionagebyputting
最新回复
(
0
)