首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Three Concepts in Art History I. Commonalities - Certain chunk of 【T1】______, within which 【T2】______ were shared II.
Three Concepts in Art History I. Commonalities - Certain chunk of 【T1】______, within which 【T2】______ were shared II.
admin
2022-06-26
53
问题
Three Concepts in Art History
I. Commonalities
- Certain chunk of 【T1】______,
within which 【T2】______ were shared
II. Periodization
- A combination of 【T3】______
- Periodizers use words to describe 【T4】______
III. Rules of Periodization
A. 【T5】______
- Newly discovered data, result in 【T6】______ in periodization
B. Era
- Usually long
C. Period
- Shorter than an era
- Sometimes used 【T7】______ with era
- Catch-all category
- Two situations of using "period"
a) Significant ruler was dominant in a specific 【T8】______
b) Nobody was taking control whatsoever
- Period may also be 【T9】______ to an artist
e.g. Picasso’s "blue" and "rose" period
D. Movement
- Elements of movement
a) A band of artists
b) X amount of time
c) 【T10】______
e.g. artistic style, common enemies etc.
- Impressionism
a) Explore new ways of depicting 【T11】______
b) New techniques in 【T12】______
c) Support artistic efforts
d) Hold their own 【T13】______
e) Make the art establishment 【T14】______
- Short-lived
- Less 【T15】______ in contemporary times
【T2】
Three Concepts in Art History
Good morning everyone. Today we will continue our discussion in art history and we are going to focus on three important concepts in art: era, period and movement. The words “era,” “movement” and “period” are plastered all over Art History, but I don’t recall ever, in any class, going over what they are supposed to mean in comparison to one another. I can’t find any credible references, either, but I will do my best in my talk today to help you tell the differences between the three concepts.
First, no matter whether era, period or movement is being employed in a situation, they all mean “historic chunk of time.” Secondly, art created during any of the three is distinguished by characteristics common to the era/period/movement. Whichever term is being bandied about, these two factors apply.
The proper name of historic classification is “periodization.” Periodization seems to be a combination of art and science, and is only entrusted to serious professionals. It’s mostly science, as far as I can tell, because those in charge of periodizing use as many factual dates as are at their disposal. The art part comes in when the periodizers have to use words to describe dates. Someone, somewhere, is always going to disagree with somebody else’s choice of words, with an end result that, occasionally, we’ve got more than one term for the same time frame.
There’s probably a strong argument for foregoing all of this English and using the Vulcan Mind Meld in this periodization business. Since that’s sadly not possible, here are a few rules of thumb about Art History periodization.
Rule of Thumb 1: Periodization is elastic. It is subject to change if and when new data is discovered. This is not unusual in art history, as art is open to interpretation and understanding. There is no one single answer in art or art history.
Rule of Thumb 2: Regarding an Era. An era is usually long, as evidenced by the Baroque Era: around 200 years, if you count the Rococo phase. An even better example would be the Upper Late Paleolithic, an era which covered some 20,000 years’ worth of art and a bunch of geological changes. A note of warning, though. In recent years, “era” has come to be employed with shorter blocks of time, like “the Nixon era”, but that hasn’t got much to do with Art History.
Rule of Thumb 3: Regarding a Period. A period is generally shorter than an era, though they are sometimes used interchangeably. Going by the dictionary, a period should mean “any portion of time.” In other words, period is a bit like the catch-all category in periodization. If we haven’t exact dates, or the chunk of time in question was not a specific era or movement, hey—“period” will suffice!
It seems to me that period mostly comes up in Art History when some significant ruler was calling the shots in a specific geographic location. This happened a lot in the far East; Japanese history, in particular, is chock-full of periods. Nobody was in charge of anything, as was the case during the Migration Period in the European “Dark Ages.”
To confuse things further, however, certain individuals may claim to have worked through this or that period. Picasso, for example, had himself both a “blue” period and a “rose” period. So, a period may also be singular to an artist—though I feel it would be more considerate of the rest of us to refer to such as his or her “phase”, “fling”, “passing fancy” or “temporary insanity.”
Rule of Thumb 4: Regarding a Movement. A movement is less slippery. It means that a group of artists banded together to pursue a certain commonality for “x” amount of time. They had a specific objective in mind when they got together, whether it was a particular artistic style, political mindset, common enemy or what have you.
For example, impressionism was a movement whose participants wanted to explore new ways of depicting light and color, and new techniques in brushwork. Additionally, they were fed up with official salon channels and the politicking that went on there. Having their own movement allowed them three things: support one another in their artistic efforts, hold their own exhibitions and cause discomfort to the Art Establishment.
Movements are relatively short-lived things in Art History. For whatever reason—whether it is mission accomplished, boredom, personality clashes, etc.—artists tend to hang together for months or years and then drift apart. I think this has much to do with the solitary nature of being an artist, but that’s just my opinion. Additionally, movements don’t seem to happen as frequently in contemporary times as they used to. Be that as it may, as one traverses Art History one sees a fair amount of movements, so it’s good to know what it meant, at least.
OK. I think that’s all I have for the three concepts. Let me recap. We need to know that era, period and movement all stand for / “certain amounts of elapsed time, within which artistic characteristics were shared.” This is the most important point. And I have explained the difference between the three concepts to you. In the future, when you read the art literature and come across these terms, recall what we’ve discussed today and you’ll understand the text much better.
选项
答案
(artistic) characteristics
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/3bBK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
TheoriesofHistoryI.Howmuchweknowabouthistory?A.【T1】______existforonlyafractionofman’stime【T1】______B.Thea
TheoriesofHistoryI.Howmuchweknowabouthistory?A.【T1】______existforonlyafractionofman’stime【T1】______B.Thea
TheoriesofHistoryI.Howmuchweknowabouthistory?A.【T1】______existforonlyafractionofman’stime【T1】______B.Thea
A、Twodayslater.B、Withinaweek.C、Twoweekslater.D、Itisnotmentioned.B在对话的最后,女士告诉Mr.Phelps,她公司通常会在一周之内告知面试的结果,故B项为正确答案。
DifferentTypesofLearningI.ThedefinitionoflearningA.AprocessofpeopleexperiencingrelationshipbetweeneventsB.【T1】
DifferentTypesofLearningI.ThedefinitionoflearningA.AprocessofpeopleexperiencingrelationshipbetweeneventsB.【T1】
DifferentTypesofLearningI.ThedefinitionoflearningA.AprocessofpeopleexperiencingrelationshipbetweeneventsB.【T1】
DifferentTypesofLearningI.ThedefinitionoflearningA.AprocessofpeopleexperiencingrelationshipbetweeneventsB.【T1】
A、Politicsandhistory.B、Writingskills.C、Nospecificsubjects.D、Languageandwriting.C在谈到成为记者所需要学习的科目方面,女士说没有专门的科目(noparti
随机试题
在我国推广实施HACCP管理系统的重要意义有
A.白庀B.白屑风C.油风D.花斑癣E.头藓
法定盈余公积的提取比例,一般为当年实现净利润的10%,但以前年度累积的法定盈余公积达到注册资本的50%,可以不再提取。()
幼儿园环境创设中,使用易于识别的生活行为规则标识图。其最主要的目的是()
桑代克认为学习的进程是一种()过程。
非法定解释就是指违法进行的解释,是必须被禁止的。()
根据下列资料回答下列问题。2009年11月,首届世界低碳与生态经济大会暨技术博览会在江西南昌召开,在这次大会上,江西共签约项目143个,总投资为1046.95亿元,先后分三次签约:第一次,与23家央企签约37年合作项目,项目总投资为519.1亿
马克思主义哲学与唯心主义哲学、旧唯物主义哲学的根本区别在于()。
以人为本
[2012年]曲线y=x2+x(x<0)上曲率为√2/2的点的坐标是_________.
最新回复
(
0
)