2. 外语
  3. Among the mind’s powers is one that comes of itself to many children and artists. It need not be lost, to the end of his day, by

Among the mind’s powers is one that comes of itself to many children and artists. It need not be lost, to the end of his day, by

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问题 Among the mind’s powers is one that comes of itself to many children and artists. It need not be lost, to the end of his day, by anyone who has ever had it. This is the power of taking delight in a thing, rather than in anything, everything, not as a means to some other end, but just because it is what it is, as the lover dotes on whatever may be traits of the beloved object. A child in the full health of his mind will put his hand flat on the summer turf, feel it and give a little shiver of private glee at the elastic firmness of the globe. He is not thinking how it will do for some game or to feed sheep upon. That would be the way of the wooer whose mind runs on his mistress’s money. The child’s is sheer affection, the true ecstatic sense of the thing’s inherent characteristics. No matter what the things may be, no matter what they are good or bad for, there they are, each with a thrilling unique look and feel of its own, like a face; the iron astringently cool under its paint, the painted wood familiarly warmer, the cold crumbling enchantingly down in the hands, with its little dry smell of the sun and of hot nettles; each common thing a personality marked by delicious differences.
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答案在诸多精神力量中，有一种是很多孩子和艺术家生来就有的。此种能力，一旦拥有，至死也不会失去。这就是以某物为乐的能力——痴心于喜欢的事物的某种性质而不能自拔，仅仅是因为喜欢它本身，除此之外别无他求，亦非为了取得某种目标。心智健全的孩子会把手摊在夏日的草坪上，抚过坚硬又有弹性的地面，因为喜不自胜而兀自颤抖。他那时所想的不是这片草皮是适于做游戏还是拿来放羊，否则就是醉翁之意不在酒。孩子的那种开心来源于由衷的喜爱，是来源于真正醉心于事物固有的特征。
解析 1．画线第二句翻译时首先要注意指代手法的改变。汉语的指代手段较少，可采用省略、替代、重复三种策略处理英文代词，故It在这里可译为“此种能力”，anyone可以省略；其次，由于英语多被动，汉语多主动，故It need not be lost宜转换为主动语态。
2．画线第三句句子较长，层次繁杂，是翻译的难点。故翻译时应当先把句子按意思层次重组，再按照汉语的习惯表达出来。大体上来讲，本句分三层意思：第一层是This is the power oftaking delight in a thing，意为“这就是以某物为乐的能力”，由于有承上启下的作用，故应当置于句首，位置不变；第二层是rather than in anything，everything，not as a means to some otherend，but just because it is what it is，意为“仅仅是因为喜欢它本身，除此之外别无他求，亦非为了取得某种目标”。本句应当按照汉语因果句的表达习惯，把原因前置，结果后置；第三层是as the lover dotes on whatever may be traits of the beloved object，这是as引导的状语从句，按照汉语习惯应当前置，故本分句应当置于第二层意思之前。
3．画线第四句中，由于英文重形合，汉语重意合，故依照汉语习惯，冠词A可省译，代词his亦可略译；elastic firmness of the globe是典型的英文抽象名词作中心词的现象，应当转移重心，具体名词globe作中心词，firmness形容词化作其修饰语，译为“坚硬又富有弹性的地面”。
4．画线第六句中the wooer whose mind runs on his mistress’s money的字面意思为“觊觎新娘财产的求婚者”，此处可归化为“醉翁之意不在酒”。
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