首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The momentum is building ahead of next month’s G8 summit in Scotland where the leaders of the world’s richest nations will debat
The momentum is building ahead of next month’s G8 summit in Scotland where the leaders of the world’s richest nations will debat
admin
2017-03-15
61
问题
The momentum is building ahead of next month’s G8 summit in Scotland where the leaders of the world’s richest nations will debate what they can do to help some of the world’s poorest. Africa is the priority and the politicians will discuss 【C1】______, ending trade regulations which put the continent’s economy at a disadvantage, and giving more aid.
【C2】______—along the coastline, near the continents’ ports—are monuments to exploitation. On the island of Goree, for example,【C3】______ Senegal, there’s the Slave House. This was the last place many Africans saw before being shipped off【C4】______ in the Americas or, just as often, to death on the high seas.
There are many more places like this【C5】______ or so of the African slave trade. When people wonder why Africa is so poor, they need look no further for【C6】______.
Some people argue that【C7】______—railways and schools and so on—the system was principally designed to turn Africa into a【C8】______ for the profit of outsiders.
Of course, some Africans gained from this period. Chiefs who sold their enemies【C9】______, for example, and coastal people who creamed a little off the colonial trade which flowed through their land.
But on the whole,【C10】______, the general rule was systematic exploitation. This must, surely, be the basic reason why Africa is poor. You could add that the climate is punishing, that 【C11】______, and that today’s independent African rulers are far from perfect. All true. But these factors, powerful in recent decades, seem marginal when【C12】______ that was set for centuries.
The solution, or, at least, the project sold as the solution, has been "aid". Emergency aid, development aid, agricultural aid, economic advice.【C13】______. The problem with this solution is that, patently, it hasn’t worked.
On the whole, Africa has got poorer. The failure hasn’t really been the idea of real aid but【C14】______. Clearly, if, in the famous phrase, you "teach a man to fish", you’re probably helping him.
But most aid hasn’t been like that. Most of it has been "top-down" aid, money that’s given to African governments【C15】______ the aid givers. A good proportion of it has been creamed off by the recipient government’s officials and【C16】______ paid back to the so-called "donors" in consultancy fees, salaries, cars, houses-and-servants for aid officials,【C17】______ of arms.
During the Cold War, which only ended in the 1990s, most aid to Africa was never really even【C18】______. It was designed to reward client states for supporting or opposing【C19】______. This led to inappropriate and sometimes laughable results. There’s an apocryphal tale that does the rounds, for example, of the former Soviet Union, in the 1970s,【C20】______ to tropical Guinea. To be honest, I don’t know if this story is true. But I do know of many cases where so-called food aid has destroyed markets for local farmers by driving down prices.
【C20】
The momentum is building ahead of next month’s G8 summit in Scotland where the leaders of the world’s richest nations will debate what they can do to help some of the world’s poorest. Africa is the priority and the politicians will discuss reducing the debt burden, ending trade regulations which put the continent’s economy at a disadvantage, and giving more aid.
All around the edge of Africa—along the coastline, near the continents’ ports—are monuments to exploitation. On the island of Goree, for example, just off the coast of Senegal, there’s the Slave House. This was the last place many Africans saw before being shipped off to a lifetime of slavery in the Americas or, just as often, to death on the high seas.
There are many more places like this dating from the 350 years or so of the African slave trade. When people wonder why Africa is so poor, they need look no further for the start of an explanation.
Some people argue that colonialism brought limited development—railways and schools and so on—the system was principally designed to turn Africa into a vast plantation and mining site for the profit of outsiders.
Of course, some Africans gained from this period. Chiefs who sold their enemies to the European or Arab slavers, for example, and coastal people who creamed a little off the colonial trade which flowed through their land.
But on the whole, for almost half a millennium, the general rule was systematic exploitation. This must, surely, be the basic reason why Africa is so poor. You could add that the climate is punishing, that tropical diseases are rife, and that today’s independent African rulers are far from perfect. All true. But these factors, powerful in recent decades, seem marginal when set against to the pattern that was set for centuries.
The solution, or, at least, the project sold as the solution, has been "aid". Emergency aid, development aid, agricultural aid, economic advice. Billions of dollars worth of it. The problem with this solution is that, patently, it hasn’t worked.
On the whole, Africa has got poorer. The failure hasn’t really been the idea of real aid but the misuse of that term. Clearly, if, in the famous phrase, you "teach a man to fish", you’re probably helping him.
But most aid hasn’t been like that. Most of it has been "top-down" aid, money that’s given to African governments do the political bidding of the aid givers. A good proportion of it has been creamed off by the recipient government’s officials and another large chunk of it paid back to the so-called "donors" in consultancy fees, salaries, cars, houses-and-servants for aid officials, debt repayments and the purchasing of arms.
During the Cold War, which only ended in the 1990s, most aid to Africa was never really even supposed to help poor people. It was designed to reward client states for supporting or opposing one of the dominant ideologies. This led to inappropriate and sometimes laughable results. There’s an apocryphal tale that does the rounds, for example, of the former Soviet Union, in the 1970s, supplying snow ploughs to tropical Guinea. To be honest, I don’t know if this story is true. But I do know of many cases where so-called food aid has destroyed markets for local farmers by driving down prices.
选项
答案
supplying snow ploughs
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/4kSO777K
本试题收录于:
NAETI高级口译笔试题库外语翻译证书(NAETI)分类
0
NAETI高级口译笔试
外语翻译证书(NAETI)
相关试题推荐
In1959,Hawaiibecamethefiftiethstateintheunion.【C1】________CongresssofarawayinWashingtonD.C.,howdoHawaiiansg
OxfordandCambridgeUniversityBoatClubshavebothtakentheopportunitytotraveltoSpainthismonthtotraininlesstestin
Duetothefactthatuniversitiescannotenrollallthecandidates,________touniversityiscompetitive.
女士们,先生们:金秋十月,北京气候宜人,中国国际投资贸易论坛今天在这里隆重召开了。我很高兴能够应邀出席本次论坛,首先我谨代表中华人民共和国商务部向远道而来的国内外朋友表示热烈的欢迎和衷心的感谢。[TONE]∥[TONE]众所周知,通
当前,亚欧两地区都处于蓬勃发展的阶段。亚洲是世界上最具经济活力的地区,资源丰富,市场广阔,区域合作方兴未艾。欧盟是世界上最大的发达经济体,资本充裕,科技先进,一体化程度高。两地区政治上共识很多,经济上优势互补,文化上各具特色,为开展更广泛和具有实质性的对话
台湾当局和少数国家宣称台湾因为未能加入WHO影响了防治SARS,这完全违背事实海峡两岸中国人民根连根、心连心。台湾发生SARS疫情后,中国中央政府十分关心,迅速采取了一系列加强两岸交流与合作的措施。//除通过医学专业机构向台湾同行传送有关SARS疫情、防
A、Lifeexpectancyisanimportantindexintheranking.B、Povertyratesandprogressforwomensuggestthatrichnationsarerel
A、Itisactuallyacucumber-shapedbuildinglocatedinBritain.B、Itisacucumber-shapedbuildinglocatedinSwitzerland.C、It
通常我们是从失败中获得智慧的。我们经常通过认识到自己不能做的事情去发现我们的能力/通过发现自己的有所不为而找到自己的有所为,或者(可以说),如果一个人永不犯错,就不可能有任何新的发现。关键词汇:discover:发现;findout:发现,找出。这句话的
Iftheoldmaximthatthecustomerisalwaysrightstillhasmeaning,thentheairlinesthatplytheworld’sbusiestairrouteb
随机试题
A公司于2008年1月5日购入专利权支付价款225万元。该无形资产预计使用年限为7年,法律规定年限为5年。2009年12月31日,由于与该无形资产相关的经济因素发生不利变化,致使其发生减值,A公司估计可收回金额为90万元。该无形资产按照直线法进行摊销,预计
面罩吸氧法氧流量6L/min时,氧浓度可达()
不是足三里穴的功效主治的是()
女,35岁,诊断支气管哮喘2年,间断口服糖皮质激素及氨茶碱治疗,时有发作。该患者应采取的主要治疗措施是
《公路工程国内招标文件范本》规定的监理工程师签发材料、设备预付款支付证书的条件包括()。
甲公司是C国一家生产经营消费类电子产品的企业。准备到发展中国家N国投资彩电生产业务。对N国诸多条件进行了认真的调查分析。以下属于钻石模型的要素有()。
城市因水而生,因水而兴,因水而美。我们可以列举湖泊给城市带来的一系列好处,比如人工湖的修建对于改善人居环境,改善生态环境,治水治内涝等方面都能起到积极作用。但是,人工湖是不是越多越好、越大越好,大规模开挖人工湖是否会加重财政负担,政府这样大手笔的投入,到底
关于教师资格的规定,下列选项中表述错误的是()。
在数据仓库环境中,粒度是一个重要的设计问题。粒度越_________细节程度越高,能回答的查询就越多,数据量就比较大。
Eachandeveryoneofusisresponsibleforthegreenhousegaseswesendinourdailyactionsandchoices.【C1】______,combating
最新回复
(
0
)