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  3. Social scientists believe that names influence personality, how we ’ re perceived, and even our physical appearances. In turn, o

Social scientists believe that names influence personality, how we ’ re perceived, and even our physical appearances. In turn, o

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问题     Social scientists believe that names influence personality, how we ’ re perceived, and even our physical appearances. In turn, our appearances impact how other people perceive us, which again affects how we feel and see ourselves. Psychologists believe there’s a relationship between internals and externals that shapes us.
    The researchers from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem decided to test whether stereotypes (刻板印象) and labels have an effect on physical appearance. That is to say, they wanted to find out whether the name a person is given at birth influences later physical features.
    The study hypothesized that this early label marks all those who bear the same name similarly, so much that other people can match the name to the face based on expectation of how someone with a certain name is likely to look. In other words, name stereotypes show physically in facial appearances. The research team found that both people and computers could pick the right name for a given face with more accuracy than would result from chance. That means common ideas of how a person with a certain name would look were correct—there was a "right" name for a type of face.
    Face-name matching likely works on many levels, the study suggests. Because we have shared ideas of what names mean, people with those names may "grow into" them by adopting expected behavior, facial expressions, and looks, and others will also have certain expectations. Say your name is Rose. Social expectations may direct you to act womanly, smile gently, wear dresses, and grow your hair. This is perhaps unconsciously expected more of a woman named for a flower than one who goes by Alex, a name that in the US is common for males and females. Alex may feel freer to bend gender stereotypes than Rose.
What is the main idea of the passage?
选项 A、A good name may bring good luck.
B、Your name might influence your appearance.
C、People name babies according to their appearances.
D、Some names are more proper for women than others.
答案B
解析 通读全文可知，第一段指出一些科学家认为名字会影响我们的性格，我们如何被认知，甚至是我们的外貌特征；接下来介绍了研究者们针对名字和外貌的关系进行的一项研究及研究结果：对名字的共同看法可能会影响我们的外貌和行为，并通过Rose和Alex这两个名字的例子进一步论证此观点。由此可推知，B项(你的名字可能会影响你的外貌)最能概括文章大意。A项(好的名字可能会带来好运)、C项(人们根据婴儿的外貌给他们取名)和D项(一些名字比其他名字更适合女性)均不能概括文章大意。故选B。
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