首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two
One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two
admin
2012-11-11
69
问题
One of the most eminent of psychologists, Clark Hull, claimed that the essence of reasoning lies in the putting together of two "behavior segments" in some novel way, never actually performed before so as to reach a goal. Two followers of Clark Hull, Howard and Tracey Kendler, (1) a test for children that was explicitly based on Clark Hull’s principles. The children were given the (2) of learning to operate a machine so as to get a toy. In order to succeed they had to go through a two-stage (3) . The children were trained on each stage (4) . The stages consisted merely of pressing the correct one of two buttons to get a marble; and of (5) the marble into a small hole to release the toy.
The Kendlers found that the children could learn the separate bits readily enough. (6) the task of getting a marble by pressing the button they could get the marble; given the task of getting a toy when a marble was handed to them, they could use the marble. (All they had to do was put it in a hole.) (7) they did not for the most part "integrate", to use the Kendlers’ terminology. They did not press the button to get the marble and then (8) without further help to use the marble to get the toy. So the Kendlers concluded that they were incapable of deductive (9) .
The mystery at first appears to deepen when we learn, from (10) psychologist, Michael Cole, and his colleagues, that adults in an African culture apparently cannot do the Kendlers’ task either. But it lessens, (11) , when we learn that a task was devised which was (12) to the Kendlers’ one but much easier for the African males to handle.
(13) the button-pressing machine, Cole used a locked box and two (14) colored match-boxes, one of which contained a key that would open the box. Notice that there are still two (15) segments—"open the right matchbox to get the key" and "use the key to open the box"—so the task seems formally to be (16) . But psychologically it is quite different. Now the subject is dealing not with a strange machine but with familiar meaningful objects; and it is clear to him what he is meant to do. It then (17) that the difficulty of integration is greatly reduced.
Recent work by Simon Hewson is of great interest here for it shows that, for young children, (18) , the difficulty lies not in the (19) processes which the task demands, but in certain perplexing features of the apparatus and the procedure. When these are changed in ways which do not at all affect the inferential nature of the problem, then five-year-old children solve the problem (20) college students did in the Kendlers’ own experiments.
选项
A、prolong
B、propose
C、process
D、proceed
答案
D
解析
本题测试词义搭配。prolong意为“延长,拖延”,指增加持续的时间;propose为“提议,计划”,指提出以供考虑、讨论或采纳;process意为“加工,处理”;proceed意为“进行,继续下去”,指依次进行下去。press the button to get the marble与use the marble to get the toy是连贯性动作,所以应该选D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/6Ae4777K
0
考研英语二
相关试题推荐
ThemajordifferencebetweennarrativesalesandsuggestivesalesisthatWhichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepass
Accordingtothepassage,thefactthatyoungpeopleseemtobelosinginterestinscience______.Whichofthefollowingstate
A.TheconsequenceoflosingbonesB.AbetterlabthanonearthC.TwodifferentcasesD.Multipleeffectsformwei
Whateverhappenedtothedeathofnewspaper?Ayearagotheendseemednear.Therecessionthreatenedtoremovetheadvertising
Readthefollowingtextandanswerquestionsbyfindinginformationfromtherightcolumnthatcorrespondstoeachofthemarked
Oneofthemosteminentofpsychologists,ClarkHull,claimedthattheessenceofreasoningliesintheputtingtogetheroftwo
Whateverhappenedtothedeathofnewspapers?Ayearagotheendseemednear.Therecessionthreatenedtoremovetheadvertising
RuthSimmonsjoinedGoldmanSachs’sboardasanoutsidedirectorinJanuary2000;ayearlatershebecamepresidentofBrownUni
In1999,thepriceofoilhoveredaround$16abarrel.By2008,ithad【1】the$100abarrelmark.Thereasonsforthesurge【2】fro
In1999,thepriceofoilhoveredaround$16abarrel.By2008,ithad【1】the$100abarrelmark.Thereasonsforthesurge【2】fro
随机试题
城市政府职能的特点。
白术散加钩藤、石决明以健脾利湿,平肝潜阳,主治妊高症的
金融机构之间进行短期资金拆借活动的市场被称为()。
下列不属于市域城镇体系规划内容的是()
施工成本管理必须依赖于高效的组织机构,符合组织机构设置的要求有()。
宋代张择端的艺术成就主要表现在花鸟画方面。()
政府进行金融调控的主要手段是财政政策。()
某企业评选年度优秀职员,J,K,L,M,N,O,P七位候选人按得票的多少排序,得票最多的名列第一。每人得的票数均不同。J的票数比O多;O的票数比K多;K的票数比M多;N不是最后一名;P的票数比L少,但是比N多.也比O多。如果P,O,K的排名连续,则以
y=2x的麦克劳林公式中xn项的系数是_________.
Forthousandsofyears,thenumberofpeopleintheworldinchedup.Thentherewasa【C1】______spurt(爆发)duringtheindustrial
最新回复
(
0
)