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  3. Nowadays it is understood that a diet, which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important de

Nowadays it is understood that a diet, which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important de

admin2010-05-26  72
问题      Nowadays it is understood that a diet, which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease  if certain important dements are missing. These elements are called "vitamins". Quite a number of such substances are known and they are given letters to identify them, A, B, C, D, and so on. Different diseases are associated with deficiencies of particular vitamins. The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruit and green vegetables, h is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say during extended periods of religious fasting, or when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins.
    One example of the dangers of a restricted diet may be seen in the disease known as beriberi(脚气病), which used to afflict large numbers of Eastern peoples who lived mainly on rice. In the early years of this century, a Dutch scientist called Eijkman was trying to discover the cause of beriberi. At first he thought it was transmitted by a germ. He was working in a Japanese hospital, where the patients were fed on rice which had had the outer husk removed from the grain. It was thought this would be easier for weak, sick people to digest. Eijkman thought his germ theory was confirmed when he noticed, the chicken in the hospital yard, which were fed on scraps from the patients’ plates, were also showing signs of the disease. He then tried to isolate the germ fie thought was causing the disease, but his experiments were interrupted by a hospital official, who claimed that the huskless rice, even though left over by the patients,  was too good for chickens. It should be recooked and the chickens fed on cheap, coarse rice with file outer covering still on the grain. Eijkman noticed that the chickens began to recover on the new diet. He began to consider the possibility that eating unmilled rice somehow prevented or cured beriberi—even that a lack of some ingredient in the husk might be the cause of the disease.
    Indeed this was the case. The element needed to prevent beriberi was shortly afterwards isolated from rice husk and is now known as vitamin B. The milled rice, though more expensive, was in fact perpetuating the disease the hospital was trying to cure. Nowadays, this terrible disease is much less common;  thanks to our knowledge of vitamins.
The disease "beriberi"______.
选项 A、kills a large number of western people
B、is a vitamin deficiency disease
C、is transmitted by diseased rice
D、can be caught from diseased chickens
答案B
解析 推断题。本题问的是：脚气病______。本文的大部分篇幅都是在讲述一位科学家对脚气病起因的研究，他最后得出的结论是：脚气病是缺乏维生素B造成的，故选B 。
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