首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Board of directors is a group of people responsible to govern an organization by setting strategic direction, establish
Board of directors is a group of people responsible to govern an organization by setting strategic direction, establish
admin
2013-04-13
63
问题
Board of directors is a group of people
responsible to govern an organization by setting
strategic direction, establishing policies and goals,
and holding the chief executive officer【1】______
A board of directors of a different nature 【1】______
can be【2】______ by the chiefexecutive officer. 【2】______
Management, by traditional definition, covers four
general functions:
e) planning
f) organizing resources
g) leading
h)【3】______ 【3】______
To most employees, the term "management"
means a groups of people who are【4】______, 【4】______
but writers, teachers, and practitioners think that
management should mean people who can
demonstrate【5】______skills. 【5】______
Executives are people in top levels of management, but
Can head up any business regardless of the【6】______
and profitability of the business. 【6】______
Managers in large corporations operate at three
different levels:
a) top managers
b) middle managers
c) first-line managers
Within the same level there are different types of
managers, so a manager in charge of sales can be
referred to as a【7】______manager. 【7】______
Supervisors oversee the work of those who are
their【8】______subordinates. 【8】______
Work directors are different from supervisors in
that they【9】______the work of their 【9】______
subordinates.
Leaders are mainly concerned with the【10】
______ of an organization. 【10】______
【5】
Good morning, everyone. Today I’ d like to introduce some of the terms related to the practices of management, as many people believe that one of the best ways to get a sense about how management works is to examine key terms in management. The key terms I’m going to introduce are quite basic and general in nature.
First, we have "board of directors". A board is a group of people who are legally charged to govern an organization. The board is responsible for setting strategic direction, establishing broad policies and objectives, and hiring and evaluating the chief executive officer. The chief executive officer reports to the board and is responsible for carrying out the board’s strategic policies. The nature of a board can vary widely. Some boards act like "governing boards", that is, they take a strong policy-making role, and expect the chief executive to operate the organization according to those policies. Some boards, despite their being legally responsible for the activities of the corporation, follow all of the directions and guidance of the chief executive. In this case, board members arguably are not meeting their responsibilities as a board.
The next term is "management". There are a variety of views about this term. Traditionally, the term "management" refers to the activities involved in the following four general functions. The first is planning, which includes identifying goals, objectives, methods; the second is organizing resources in order to achieve the goals in an optimum fashion; next is leading which includes setting direction for the organization, groups and individuals and also influence people to follow that directions the final function is controlling which coordinates the organization’ s systems, processes and structures to reach goals and objectives effectively and efficiently.
Another view, quite apart from the traditional view, asserts that the job of management is to support employee’s efforts to be fully productive members of the organizations and citizens of the community.
To most employees, the term "management" probably means the group of people who are primarily responsible for making decisions in the organization, such as managers and executives.
Some writers, teachers and practitioners assert that the above view is rather outmoded and that management needs to focus more on leadership skills, such as establishing vision and goals, communicating the vision and goals, and guiding others to accomplish them.
The next term is "executives. Usually, this term generally applies to those people or specific positions in top levels of management, such as chief executive officers, chief operating officers, chief financial officers, vice presidents, general managers of large organizations, etc. Chief executives usually pay strong attention to strategic plans and organizational performance. Many people think of the Chief Executive Officer as heading up large, for-profit corporations. This is not entirely true. The majority of businesses are small businesses, whether for-profit or nonprofit. Their top executives could be called Chief Executive Officers.
Next, we come to "managers". A classic definition is that "Leaders do the right thing and managers do things right." A more standard definition is usually something like "managers work toward the organization’s goals using its resources in an effective and efficient manner." In a traditional sense, large organizations may have different levels of managers, including top managers, middle managers and first-line managers. Top managers are responsible for overseeing the whole organization and typically engage in more strategic matters, with less attention to day-to-day detail. Middle managers may have first-line managers working for them and who are responsible to manage the day-to-day activities of a group of workers.
We can also have different types of managers across the same levels in the organization. A project manager is in charge of developing a certain project, such as development of a new building. A functional manager is in charge of a major function, such as a department in the organization, such as marketing, sales, engineering, finance, etc. A product manager is in charge of a product or service. General managers arc in charge of numerous functions within an organization or department.
After "managers", we have "supervisors ". The term "supervisor" typically refers to one’s immediate superior in the workplace, that is, the person whom you report directly to in the organization. For example, a middle manager’s supervisor typically would be a top manager. A first-line manager’s supervisor would be a middle manager. A worker’s supervisor typically would be a firstine manager.
Below managers we have work directors. These are people who directly oversee the work of their subordinates. They carry out their oversight role by specifically assigning work and then closely monitoring to ensure the work is carried out according to their wishes. Often, people work their way up through management levels by starting out as work directors. Over time, they develop skills in delegation, which frees them up from having to closely monitor the work of their subordinates and, instead, to attend to more high-level managerial activities. Work directors are not always at lower levels of the organization.
Finally, we have "leaders". Very simply put, a leader is interpreted as someone who sets direction in an effort and influences people to follow that direction. They set direction by developing a clear vision and mission, and conducting planning that determines the goals needed to achieve the vision and mission. As noted above, one of the four key functions of management is leading. Leaders carry out their roles in a wide variety of styles. Often, the leadership style depends on the situation, including the life cycle of the organization.
选项
答案
leadership
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/6m4O777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Lastweekoilpricesfinallystoppedrising.Theynowhoveraround$43abarrel,a20-yearhigh.TheaverageAmericanfamilywil
AtachesstournamentinTunisiain1967,BobbyFischer,then24,waspittedagainstanotherAmericangrandmaster,SamuelReshe
Manypeoplewronglybelievethatwhenpeoplereacholdage,theirfamiliesplacetheminnursinghomes.Theyareleftintheha
Manypeoplewronglybelievethatwhenpeoplereacholdage,theirfamiliesplacetheminnursinghomes.Theyareleftintheha
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicprivate-1.______enterprise,market-orientedeconomyinwhichconsumer
InpartsofIndia,42percentofallchildrenunderage5weresufferedfrommalnutrition,asoberingreminderofthepersistenc
中国是一个地域辽阔、有着千年悠久历史的多民族国家,有着秀丽的自然风光、众多的名胜古迹和丰富多彩的灿烂义化,旅游资源十分丰富。改革开放以来,中国经济以年平均均近10%的进度持续增长,各项事业蓬勃发展,人民生活水平显著提高,为旅游业的兴旺奠定了坚实的基础。中国
随着西藏改革开放和现代化的发展,藏语翻译也得到了迅速发展,1993年成立了西藏翻译工作者协会,并先后成立了拉萨市和日喀则地区分会;共举办了7期翻译培训班,培训337人次;1994年在西藏举办了全国第二次暨西藏首届藏语文翻译学术研讨会,并先后派人员参加了在北
朋友A君,四十余岁,自认为是引导新潮流的电影理论家。实际上成“家”还差那么一丁点。最近著系列小文,专论电影艺术的“物质还原性”。举凡“物质还原性”与吾国电影艺术发展十大关系。因其系列而引起电影理论界注意。何谓电影艺术的“物质还原性”,则未加阐明。更显“十大
要一个人独自进食,即使不算重罚,在中国文化中通常也被视为不幸,一种不无悲凉的境地。汉语对吃独食的描述,大都乏善可陈,一句“胡乱吃了些”搪塞过去。中国人的社会中,人必须借饮食与他人沟通,与社会上的人形成生命共同体之感受。如今,大家庭在解体,晚婚、单
随机试题
TheweatherinTexasmayhavecooledsincetherecentextremeheat,butthetemperaturewillbehighattheStateBoardofEduca
属于器官特异性自身免疫病的一种,最先出现的症状是眼肌无力,进而累及其他部位,常呈进行性加重,抗乙酰胆碱受体抗体检测呈阳性反应,这些症状最符合的疾病是
患儿,7岁。2周前发热,在外院诊断为咽炎,近4天尿量减少,尿色深似茶水,眼睑水肿,半小时前突然头痛、呕吐,视物模糊,此时应优先采取的护理措施是
贝母瓜蒌散的组成药物中不含
张女士,28岁,因子宫收缩过强,出现急产,对于其新生儿,正确的护理措施是
新课程改革强调()
父亲总对我说,要好好工作,认真生活,莫抱怨。这是父亲七十余年的经验之谈,也是他的______。填入横线部分最恰当的一项是()。
对于经常出差人员来说,使用平板电脑能够给他们带来方便,平板电脑是易操作的办公设备,可以视为一个好的设备。但是平板电脑更新换代太过频繁,会加入许多新的软件,所以,它可能并不能被视为一个好的设备。以上推断基于的假设是()。
在语音修正期,婴儿逐渐丢掉了非母语的语音。其时间是在()
WhichofthefollowingtagquestionsisINCORRECT?
最新回复
(
0
)