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Negotiating—a complex process even between parties from the same nation — is even more complicated in international transactions

admin2010-08-21  61
问题     Negotiating—a complex process even between parties from the same nation — is even more complicated in international transactions bemuse of the added chance of misunderstandings stemming from cultural differences. It is essential to understand the importance of rank in the other country; to know who the decision makers are; to be familiar with the business style of the foreign company; and to understand the nature of agreements in the country, the significance of gestures, and negotiating etiquette. These cultural differences lead to very different style of contract negotiation.
    There are enormous cultural differences between Asia and the United States. The classic difference is that in Asia, the good faith human relationship between the parties is central. In the United States, on the whole, there is a greater effort to have precise legal descriptions of everything that might happen, resolving every particular type of dispute that can be predicted in advance. Thus, during negotiations, the United States party frequently likes to have a lawyer present and tends to be less ready to use a situation of simple negotiation between the principals.
    This does not mean that concepts of good faith and good faith relationship between the parties to a contract are not taken seriously in the West, but it does mean that in the legal tradition we axe looked forward to spelling out all the precise details and you should not be surprised if your Western partner asks you to do that. There is a good faith obligation as part of normal contract law under the United States and European law.
    A contract is a legally binding agreement which the courts will enforce. This definition, likes all definitions, is not perfect, but it does emphasize the most important element in all contracts — agreement. All contracts are agreements, although not all agreements are contracts.
    So without agreement there can be no contract. But how do you prove the existence of agreement which is really no more than a state of mind of English judges, who are more interested in practical solutions than in abstract theories? They have found, from experience, that if one person makes a clear and definite offer and another person unconditionally accepts the offer, then it is reasonable to say that the two of them are in agreement. There is no attempt to look inside their minds to find out what they are really thinking: it is what they say and do that counts.
Why is negotiation more complicated in international transaction?
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答案Because of cultural differences.
解析 本题问“在跨国交流中，为什么谈判变得更复杂”。根据题文中的关键词“international transaction”可确定相关部分在文中第一段开头。文中提到“Negotiating—a complex process even between parties from the same nation—is even more complicated in international transactions because of the added chance of misunderstandings stemming from cultural differences.”(即使在同一国家里，两个组织间的谈判也是一个很复杂的过程。在跨国交易中，由于文化差异可能导致的误解使国际事务变得更加复杂)。由此可见，误解机会的增加是导致谈判复杂化的表面原因，而误解最终根源于文化的不同。因此，答案为Because of cultural differences。
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